Bar-Sharci

RULE OF LAW CONTINUES NEGATIVE SLIDE WORLDWIDE (WJP Rule of Law Index).

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B8NOUuOOkhCZyixSCSqOqgKF4jfLGYcpOMwhbbUYzpWFRz0EgmJtINjE0zefbhL7LDbLLj3nQp1EpbN7ibzCSbEaDWhu+mKxisIoPqw6kFSCciXEqBm0ZiUkU8IR2TXPzYKiajejeHEYZKXG2eM3lKlrzQE3SE8jIM/Cn7v7ddfZU++3wUAZknPmCkRmK+wFIw4l3CBld0rZCDYiAUAcqweG2u4cAnAAw6p4skRoicyjPSSU+k0sIKUare+ewNGxvm9ul7DHEYVBeMwEE5CSCAQZ0gGfdQ3dzefEYp3L80ytpUpDjgXmyqAJy6CTMD20B2ZtD+GuYpmfApsusz9sCAPU6f8AlitDuMgM4NsHzLlxUg6ruJ75co9lGUIxi9vT52M4mpvSGqhxw6x7P0++kdxgiyjPYfnXODQwDvAr6ZXon7hVEOmNaHby7XWnFLlXhCUGAAToNcwPwNUHdpiUrznLMgCQdCCIECuyKelC/wBO31NAcR1pjjoNAFbTcUYBgHTQn2n/AOasYZh7mogf1XPskflT0I8ddS48EjS3pb4Ch7q6KYfCC2biEKCoMFRJHTlFVcThk5JhycgV5bSe/wBnvRTCkDVqNJnq/inVeK7mrcygdRE9D061UecVmPiXqfq05Sj2Nb6lEZp1NgY+776jaXp4Vmx0Ovtmok4J080C/L/4NqVOy1GMy+R5mvHuK6nSAN6d23cYQfnLjSA3CmxJSRMiU5wI01B0qLd3dhzCLM4lx5EBIRdKUkkGQM5ANiNOdaU7NaFlrAsNVAH409Wy2T/LWJtooH4DlVPHenTe3oDbgx+2Nyy7iFYhnEOYdarKyTObmrMFpIkRPcTzo1trYCMbhkYd1SkrQApDmviAykkE3BkyPxFFDsxwGy0m51/ZqE4Z0atpNjoa3it193HAaM1hNx1qSfneLexASIbQSciTBCVqSVkqI5C3eiO626TuFQ4hOOcUhbS0JRkyhtxcEOpGc+IX6a6ir6nyLFJSYGvXrfnTHsfwgtcJIT4ikTeBJyg8zTvJOSr/AMEcWCMH8n76H/nA2k7xFEBauHClpBTKVK4mhCQPYK0W9e6zGOSnOVIcRdDiIzJvMX1TMW9xFC92d9mcW8WEsutrCSvxhIECBFlEg+Icq0qHhJEaDWhOeRSWp7r0EqXJjjuNjFAId2s8pvoEkKI6Zi4T75o+jABhtDSJytoShJOuVIyiY5wKKm+hGnI01SQRBE0HklLkRyAWKQHEKbWApCgQoHSDWOVuo60FDD41xts3yRmiehChf2A1tsXhTJhNr+kcqibaAbWDaYtTxm48DRYC3a2E3hwpSV5nF+da/MecDoCb9+ZodtTdVx53iqxxBCipsFJOSSDCTntBA91aX5mogEQRHXT31G5g1CNL2jnTLI7u9xrItmIW00ELf4qgSStQMqkkjmdBb2UzaTS30lpLxaKoAcQCCPElRiCDeI1GtTLwxBgke2pmMKUqCpBjlpS3vYG0uTHHc5ba1lGPcClHxKSlQKjr4iHL3nWlVuktakFzHOOZVAgLSpXTTMsxPWtcrAmbER++VL8yM+YR1g/dVPGl5/kgeIvMDbw7CDrjbqHlMvNiAsCbSVCYOslXPRRmq+0d1XX0K4+NW6pJEHKAhOkkNpIBMWmeZrRjAX8wjrF/d+tWmMMkJUmZnnHukdjelWSSSpmeWIB2I04w2W1vqdE2UpMFKQAAgeI2t8apYHYiW8avFZhcEpTl8qlABSpnn4v+o1qE4IHzK9gAFcjAIjxKJ9OXv1oa+e4PERm96NgjGBBzpQUEycpuhUSPWY+NGSrlItAFiIA6dKIM4YJPhVPWRy9KlQwnNcDU8hSue1eQdVoGFao83bn9+tOW+YyjKREWn8aJv4dMGw0PIflVdvApAMyTB5R8KFo2tHnu8qVKxSkgmCEWE6BIHx0qrhdjqV4leESRHMRbTSJrWY2zwJAixkWNkgeLtKifZQnE4xKAAmDrMadojWuvG9hcmRvZDWsMhvyi/M9Y530qVhoqUhRSVIKstiBJiYvpbnVUYjNJlIiBBVGpiR2HOlQoCAeESlyCc+tv9PfrTMmkyTOZSMrn9pH0gGki3Tv1qBYJRouzIPnEesT5f6fhVQ5fCYb+v9Y6TaenbrVQrCwYypypvfzQeXftTqJSi/ikxnlLmrYusHob9dbdKoPKOY+Fep+uKiWnzAlCrovm+7t1qJ0DMbI1OijTpDJHvuJMFIBiVXsO3Wn4YyhJMEkTp1p625IN7E0raYAA0AtXgtrTQ/Uxnyl7uMPYdzFLCuIyyckGBrNxzuaqfJdu4w3h2sakKDziFoVfw5eJyH+BPxrRb9//AG/Ff8lVVPk2P+7MN/j/APVcroWSX9M1fWvyCaWPv6VWfxGXkDCZPXWOleVvbCXh9rt4bCPrQXGyriOQspzBzOUgACcqbdzrTt9tzE4JkYtl98upUkKWtQKiVWzBQAMzGpNqMfp4aknLnjYJ6yoemnSq2Iw7WqkoEkcooJvJvGrD7OGJH8xbbWWRYLcAMx0AzGOeWKzey/k/Q+0jE4119b7oCyQoeAKGYCVAnNp2GgFTx4lWqTpXRrG7MZT/AB/EgCwZkf8ATh/zrfgAaDkTp615xuXgi1tp9orU6UsqAWvzEfQEZupAgeyrW/W1C5jEYD5wMMyE5nnCsImQVBEki0ZRHMruDFdU8eqajfRCvc3wSOkGYMa/eatpRaK8f21srAYZsv7OxyUvtwQEvoUVgRIgaq1MQQYiL1osfgU7WwmHeUpxp0IVkyeTOrKF5hqU5kWgggHnSPClTvb0/YVrzN4Wf3FCNqYeAYMdq81wWMZZwWIwLzb3zpTiRw0qP0i5HDKFRZMpEi88vNAM7tbqjDJDrq1qeU2qQCChMkeHqSIuZiffTPDp3b9O4FGmbrCsgtpkXgdvSsxvDvNhsM5wfG86DPDbTmKTEjMZAmLxrRVraSwNSYFpGnSbVn93Nl/NcTicSp7+aFGFCAnMrOVKUTcg6G2pmljFK3IZY2ips7edh9zhqC0OaBLiQJ5wIJE9jWix6uCMyylKQLqJsANZrGbWxQ2hjWBh0kpYUFOPRYDMlUTzAymOpNrSau/KO4pxeEwpJAed8R/xIQn/AFk+oFV0JyiuL6eQ0o3ycrf1u6ksuqbT5lpR4R3kkR7YrQbL2mMQgOtZVoJIJm6SLkKTMgxBvyvRtt9phCWWkgIQMoSNI0jv6857159s0jDbWeZZGVp9GYI5JMZwR0g8QDoFxSrTNOlVEVGL6BPam97GHUpCzKx9VKSTcSLmBcEHWjGzMSt9lDyG/CsZhmgEDuJ+41R35wzXzB90Nth1SUBawgZzCkJHiidBEUU3OdjZ2G6ltKb+lCWnRqXnQdMa4Ae1d7W8OQlUqcP9mhMqvpNwBPrJpmzt9m3HUsqbWytRAAdGUEmwEzadBPOqXyeZRjMc45HGQogSJITmWlZSPYgdhA51f+UnhHAq4qQXQpGRUAHMSCoDsUZpHaqaYqShX+Q6I+Ro1qUJCoERbXXUUrS5V2g2tQ3Y2LLmBYcUr6RSESSbqI8Kj7bmi2Aw8pzXvYev7mueX28hUeiFGJkElMAzaYNp5muAlMgzKQR7LK9sX9lW3cKk+3l35j01rm2wmAASkqJ9Oo+P30mpBUDHbysLDq3G0lyQlOWdFK8IImwT19R3rIFnEHMDDZTYJBBJJMZTcxcgSbA9K2+0MTkS4TmAMJCo5lAAtzAPKgf8SBb8IgkpzZtbrkpzHUd9Y9tdmKTS4ElGtyuptyFhSk34WiLGDMiLaa9eUVKpuQEFxMB7/hnpE+nLLRbG40ErOdy/DOibxBv6cuvemIdKiCFOkF6Qcgv4ddPN20jlR1MnrZnXcPCU5VIV57cPS+snW1x0pmAayhXiTGXQoCs1xafq+tG3XlpSgpUuZcF0xqbxbU850NU0Y9klbLHELiUfSmBlKfrRqbWvbX1p9TYU5NWU8Rh2yVQpuCpBGVBBPWLkQOYi+lqq4jBIzKhSdT9U9fSjjmCSkkhLwyluJR11nv0qN8nMq7up+oOvaipsGuR65P7muoQ3i1HwxN7z+M35VZweK0BF4N78usCvHcGkdVGX+U3eFlnDuYZalBx5o5IEg3i5m2nxqn8mG8DLjLGDQpXFaS4tYjwlPEP1p18afjW+UylUEpSbcwD99IWEJMhKQewA+6qrJHwtFfn/AADqeR43e7CfxhvF8Q8FtooUrKqQrK6IyxJuoXo58rW2WRhfmxUeK5w3EiDBRmN50GhtW6OGb+w3r0H5UOdfbWQooQoJsCe8xyPSqRyRlOMlF/b39ugXsZbFlG09klvCkrcYS0IIIlxtKcyBmiZSSBykiu2B8pGFRh0t4oraeaSELBQoyUCJsPCTFwqIM+tbbBuoI8ISLAwI5+nOlxLLWYLUhsqkQopBPsMTSeJF3BxdXa33/QJ5TszedpO2HcS8lbSXWwlKVA5/EGQjME6ZgnN2mr+/Wz+BjUY5zD8fDKSEvJIzZSkFGYzYWykE2lJBIkV6I6w2sFQQgknUgX5XPspyRceXTr+71ZZ1aaXSuRG9zzhe3NhBMhhBP2Bh7z0kgJn/ABUbx+9mHwOGa+iKC41naYjLBMHKogQmCq/PWJovs7BoCkqCGwq5zACdesTNXcRhEG6glUEXV7PhRlOF002vUVtHlaGmsRg3cc7iFHFcSS4kLCWSMpS2kc0+NMkTrYkgk6Hc7etjFJQy4mMRChAnKoJGbOIMCbynrpR53DAKMpQEqJ0iPdGn6U7AlAjwoFjB0Ii3KTNPPIpRe3p2K6di5wEGfAdEzdVtIBvXlm2NvsYvFKS+4pnCNmAhIUpThSY8UTEmTfQd7j1ZIBEjKZAJvztftUD2HbEkoRrJ07duvSpYsmlu/wBQbGC2pvnhGcNk2fkSuR4S2sCIOYnNEnS8zRHfjZ6sQ026yn6ZlWZIFyU2JAB5yEkDnB5mi7j6I/lpn2fcBVnAvFQIgBQuO8/v41TVVNL3dgbSAWF+UTCFsF0KQ4LKbCVGCNcp01+0R7KFbv8AFfxbmPWnIFWaSfswEjXllETzKjW4GzkK8TiElfWAT7yJpn8M8U5j+NZTirpc9ybnFGY333lwvAxGFmHvCAnIdZQvzaaVY3L3ow6mcPhEqJdDcZchjMkEqvpoNa0OOZQm5SmTocvSKay0kaJSCRYxpNpBAtrS6o6NNP36+xRaWZ7bexsLicUeE/wcUE34RhRMfWTIMxFwRY35UG3r2CjD4dbz77uIeMNtlwmAonxFIJJkICjrFh2oxtDc7EfOTi8I4hCzfK6kxJBSSCEq1ANokE69I8Lu08+6l7GvpdLc5UoEIBB5WE6AzAmBJNVhOqerZe/p6DbF3ZmG4TLLRspDSAsdFxmUO8ExPatfgEDhplAJA7a3j4c+9C9noAzXvp+pMTNXsNiCmAQOljI/C9c2RtilsJHJOluXm6Xp+S4GX7tefwpUpEHpOuh1v+dMcVzAEzF/bf7r1Iz9DJ77YU8JxUQkqQU30MFKh2vHvrE4a8+o595/Otrt7HCSYbJ5p10EpkRqDEetUsPgmwFKPD8gOuioE6R4rm3eu3G6juJJ7DG0jIorAJGS+eABzSBqZAqJxRSrMmcoJUlJURy6i88utEcbh2SlWZOHI8FpkXsYt017Vid49nIQoqwrwQSsgtoVA6gpNvDy6elPBamQpWEd4WsQGELbXlKnEJbGeFfSEp0NwJ1MDnrUGE2cygFvMtTsZuIgySuSCoIuqCPCQUwb9qzB2nikx4h7kqmOZmb86a5tzFKTlJBGvkR/22HarrHKqTRZRdV09f4PQ1rSRdL0+EqnNbLpJdUidJnl2rlZSZzLvfyg/HjXrzxjG4kKkOREWKhlva6RYi5kR1oxwsAfM28FcwjEDKDzCMzZVl6SSY1JpHilHqBwj83PZcGzkUskjxKze+bfGrRVGUgjnNvW1Bg0v+r3/rT3mF5QczgASqYj4Ty+NeU7Z1aY+Zom1zXOn9xWawuMcDjQSHFJUAFlUDKmFEHW4zQOtzRDHLc4qQJ4d8x5hUpygAdfF7hU6ekDhUqLeNWQgkEc+Xas1h37ETb+7V/aiVFtQzOGc48OtwRa2teZbN2XiUJKFrczKTmSQqRCScwzKIvcd7V0/SxjKLt0aUD0vY7vijMLgDym/OO3rRjE6j16djXl24eExLeIXxeMMyAUyoKBAnoSAPjXojqCSZ4nmTy/d6T6iseWlv3N4e3JZY8guPMrl3PKmNrIiw91DjiBl8C1gJdUlREWIBlNxEzrVFzFujIApUqBFwmDJ+qY00owWpWSmqZoVJSActoHT93qu6Ykg2kT4Tp1j98+tBy4seQyCkFV09zYA6VYRijnKZXJWmx1i146/pTqIjLRYKouIub/AH+2qqcMqxCkTlM/lpTS4rilOdwZpiwmYVdM2mNR2rLnHkOHDpWoQlSR9oKkFICioSY1OvKaeMWdGNatr7/4NsZAy+E2Hb8KhcvaY5RPw8vpWPdKm3BncfClJQlAkAlUgEKn751Jvzpd5MWocFJU4UyCu8K8ISLlNs2ulbw9w+F9yinz8YcxeEKNTfp+xVZpZSZFjWE3wxxSClC1RKUhUqmwuATfWsknHOgg8RZggwVqItyInSurHgco3YksdbM+gsEVxKzJOnwq8EEDSZ0rzbc7HrcaDhMeI28RHmygC8zPMEV6JggIB7dTHrfQ6++ufJjceTgnNKbRBjm5gExryJt7Klw+DEAqM+w+vsqptRltohcKkggEHQdp01HeBVN/GrASqZKJuZM2jxQfEZj31J7nXjTcE0aUIItrzuJ6x95FBMe1w0AJJM/d291QfxteZCYSFKEKSTosiQB++lYD5TNruF5DQXHDSSooUQCVnmBpAAMH7Rp8WJymojqLabPRNmt29QfvH5Vaw6c3DHt90D7zXl27WMUGQpTirSLqPNSiPv8AhWr2a+rOFBRJyKgFUAkqRr7AaeeJqzaTcnS/3dfbVda85jlzsPW8GsicQ6sXUc15SCbEToAOpHwpuLadsApZOYBM5vNE3i06mPwqaxdwNPgu4vCNjE5kryqgyMmaPCACQZNwB6R3vXCZGUEEBqPJHPS3P+qpcNnSEGXRZYtBM3FswkknWecRVba+1Th2v5YXlSELgwoJmMspHWq77ImouVpD8VPjGZMfR6NKJt25Ac+ulCcTs8KVdSZ41iG4GnmIIkj+kX70a2biW8QlKkqWFr8WRagk/RqItlBJgjUT3vIFkbKfnwqM5s0BYmYifE2mLVlPSJ4cjHnYAhPiTPj0SYHrbnr2qu1sQAEKKSeGDpHPTmPbWgGIEgJenLnBHFw5urXVwEHqI91SJWqMoUo+DJYpPshubdp9tW8aXmbRMp4LCNJzQUzmaM8ONI8trDqOd+tXn3BmV4hqf7Pv/dqZLi1E+J65Sf5a48MXnha9L+s050KKic7lydU/pU3K3uLol5BAKPU++rmHQrhrJK1ShUAqEanSBaO9D81X9igHPMac/bXA+D1ZrayvhGzI8KvIn6/xjp2oziU6WOqfrfv30jeEbkHI3MDQCZ/Om40ifqajn+7dahdwZNu5oiUk8kknMqBni8aTy9azTu0DmWkNzw1Fv+YASVZyDEaAJMjnaxvRwYpEFUogLWkzIjLIMg3yyLHnasc9iGy46Zw6v9oQfEDPkfifD5/s+29X+lwqWrUuDZJNVRr8AgFtKshEtoUPHPmAM+lyI7Uu0cZw1AZFGVAWWOQKjqfsgmar7MxKOE2nM3m4Ldpv5R/m61Bt5KcybM6q1MatOJEdiSAfWpQgnlp9/wBxpN6b+dCyl0OtA5CkKdUPMJlOadDrI1moMMiVt+EkZLeP7MDMByA6d6gwLKDh05ktfznNdIlcf4ensoRtNKZZBDWh1N9YvP1untrtxwXC7nLN/caXa+YRCTp9rTwuX7jtyoZhS6lXiSSsOJSTmHO8fr+VU9rljIop4c5Bl11IUJH9UkT6iu2Jh21f8KOIjSdMo0/p6+2qKNRFYSXjEoIdcSuQpaYzDW+kHWLTF6zGLxLJf4gSoEeMwLkyDqVRFulHsfspvMoheW5sEyPZfSsxi8KmXF5yYGmWOg1mnxpM2uUXs+xU2ht5suhwtOkgz5rE2IFzaDyFQYveJp2VFlfmE+ISkXtp5ZJOmpjncXtFspUToZNyrL+Mn2U/C4NZTnVBHIhJgj6yTMAyPXrXRpilZ0pNyW724INubTS6kBLZR4yq680xKZiBFyfcaCKontlABEaeIAc7HW3IknnrPtHHn6VfHWnYGRVKj0jczDTh0I5qQVD1zFz/AEyPdWtxzy22mVzzGb1y3Hvn3CstsiW22suqEoj1SBr7q3ONbS/hcydCMw7G8g9wZB9tceR/dZ40922Cd9ttqw7Ta8oVKiIKiOQUDasOvfNZAT83RCYiFrEWgaEcjWv38aDmGYJ5qn25T07VilYFI/Un862OMK3R3YJfZT+dTnt8nTlAZbESB4nJuIIBC+lZ3aOLU+6VlIBVlGUTAgBIAzEnlzPWieIaSOX3/nVDYeF4joHZSvaJI+MGuiEYx3SLqdrYtsYhKWshUAFLgTpkR9Y9ioq90aXGk2pinGEt8O+oMyTli6oSRMGCe3SsOyPG2P7ke2FfeTWq3jJU603mAKUk2Eq18wny2TMz6TFDJHcaO7onwW3MUpBVlSokwYABKirLqZtA19KN4XHvZ/GIPGjKlSbW0nr315UAw+KQlqMoJUZzkEmJPhMcjBmPcdKsO4pDaOJlayZwoJ5qEaAC2WZ99S52oecINc/PnxmpadUQg5TMuEQ4DESDFrRcd6pbzOf7OXTnyFISsEA+Fy2YHqCZ/WqOzn0vpSkhtBAUokyBCpWkT1AIFMdcxiF5Elh1hQzZF5IKdeGq3msBBBpNFs5YSUJtGg+T/BNqwSM4CnGnXE5xqQolYM9ClQ16RWlThiiCgwRyiAfWLe3WvMGt+UsHhjDKw2VX0iWVJAVEiCFJtrNiKO4T5S8KbLDw/vpQfdw7/Co5MOVtuuSzV8GP+U3ZPBxq1AQl8B5PQFXnE8/GFH/EKyaVkEEG4II9RcV6fvftXAbSQ0E4kMuNEwpxtUFKtU8uYSZrKjdAr/lY3BOf+cUn3FNduHJUEp7MNHouyCxtXA3Slt2IUpAAU24NFAiDHOOYMV5+/u9tVKlJ4b6spIzJXYwYlMq0PKt78nGxHMIk58hz+coWlQ1OWPQX05mtSvGLBIDJInXOL99K4/F8OTUaa7i3QAmr+zIhc6QPxoSHlf8ADV/l/wC6pGnlFl+UEeDqm1lXsa5WjrnwabBPyYKkzEDQk+7nQF/balvuMcMqUkqIhNilKokg6EeG0+LtNUNhOEuIGdQ8QsDAPsA9detG8fhxxM0rIkGSrQknTlrUlphB2rJuP9xEeJSUtEwEnMqYaJuZvA1udPyoCvCsQk5FSpJUuMO6SVARyGsFVxpNHCwFxBcjOo8jNj1tP4TWYxalICvCo5QpItyKVOdfL4YPqKt9LJyugZI8WFdmMpQ7DefKW0+ZpUlRkm5A0EX091aF1Mk6eZP1Pj+lCG8KW0nKFD6NHIdTqQPKLxz1qHbG0XG1EJz5jmMKAjwNqWCYvMpAHqKi/wC7k2G/DEIbSf4aUwYl1X1SPqrMnLciYtQlxkOlsKWY4aiPCo5SQNDNzr4uXtqXC7QzMpccUrMFnNlAgedPhCpE9Z6mqDO1ilxBW5CR4bxGU6i3Kw91deOLUduhzTf3Ez+7rOVR4wJ4aeRkxePP21/KoEPeJSErJQTMjMnRB0BNrj4Ubx+1mlNOZXFGGzNrCAoXtpNZvZpC1CLgzHLVC6pFyaeoVhXHOhIJM2B5/pWKdxBLi05TcEebt0AFa/GtErCyg+EKFyn62W9ldqy0g4hRkQbCq4uANICYwXJKe6ucEDkmLkm/TWaq4VwZir6qEqUBzKiMozE6qJOtaB3ZQKiS4of4J+81UXggkwCVAxeAPgT+NWUlVFozQAxTsttJIugKTryKisfFRpiEQ0q0qcIQn0HiVHeeGP8AFRTG7LcWUkJKUm2ZUgXOsgERU7eBbRlCl8QZDlU2gkJWSfEmDJIMXIHlFV1pIDdmwCYFq1WEXlwaoAByEx/UBf8AD41gtm4lLeUrxciQqHcO5McwCI/EVqsNtpv5s4VrTlUcoWlCkplQJ0MkCUnWuTJ0POeCaugfvXtbhYPDqLec5yPNl0SQSTBmxrEYreVKj/IIj/8Ab7NC3W32zg2X8MxneyIC3MqokKJyxExHOgg3ZwZ/8Uj2wP8A3Cng4Jbr9TpwLTBJrcy69sJP/hx6laj7REVa3LMP3OiSfdE/CtCndnC//ktkf4f++hmD2SUPlDZLiFpWlLiUxJykxMkJOYRc3F9DVNcWmkVVLgz+AUFYhBAsVgjsJke6jO33f9oWPrHKn0QIt6qVJ9AOtXMFudiGnm1KyKvMIJUbCdCBa2omtCrdVLpKysk+Y+FJyjWATeBQnkjdh1pGOOUFAUfDlyqsDAPin1BMjuBVrCgNCCscMLGYlBIXYwRz56i8XHfXs7ntJCp4s+CICY7TmB5aVeRu43mnPiCeJYnJa0fZsY5aRSeLFGeRcmX2dtpCUoPFRq5P0cxJ1gaj00oirayQkQ4lSVMxZqbiPCT/AO6jCNgo8PixH9odUe0jw+/4VCrY7aU24xHC0OWI91kd9aVzgzmlFN2Z3eLY7eKKl5wlcICTw1DNPJQ7azWD2js1xlRChYEjMJykjpIHxANeqbWajiRx5PCk26iAeY7RqYms/jG5JSeKQXSCDHT/AFfCKriyNbBjkcdjz/iVK3iiOh9UpV/qBo8/shpUQlwE59AOWlvvoW7sVYuLiM2kW610qSZdZYsgGKjRCJ+0JSfXwqA+FTDabn23P/6KqFeynhPgNo+OlMOCd+wr3GjpQ+peZ7iUCB6dafspoH5wkyQYtJ5pvXV1eD0ZefBR2YwlL6IGirXNaHFNguAHQxI9prq6oT/AZ/jI8OyOLlvAUYEkdazm0cMmFea5JIzqj+U8IidO2ldXVX6LmQuV8Gldw6cqtf5aTqfz07UJ2/hk59PquaknVpfM3rq6p4f+QE29PzsJgcIgtQU2KhOv2l0bwW7GFcHjann51/gqurq6JSa4Zzz5CLmxMPBHCSR0NwfUHWq7eCaR5Wm0+iEj7hXV1S1PzDER5sHlVJ3ZbJMltM0tdTxbMyuvYWHVq3/mV+dVnN28Nb6L/Mv/ALq6uqqk/Mm2D39jMAQEQOylfnVVGBQgHICnn4VKH3GurqqmxkVsZiFpbTlccEqIPjVp77UuxHCGnACQAUJ15eK1dXU//ULCuwsOlSVhUqGaYWSq5m4zE0QVstg/2Lf/AED8q6uqTbsR8kStj4f/AILf/QKazshhMw0gSIPhEEWMEeoFdXVtTMcjY+HCwsMthQ0ISAfhV9loHP8A3SdT2rq6s2xSyvDJ8Wujf1jz9tccOnMRf+aB5j09de9dXUlswxvDp8Ov9pzPL21TxeHTl5/yZ8x1n107aV1dRTdgYF2lg0Svzf2X1lc41vf8KF4nZ7ebQ/zY8yunrr31rq6ujG2IUBs9vw2P1/rK/OozgG40P8ufMrr66dqSuq6eww53Z7fisdUfWV+dQu4BvMbHU/WP511dRbCf/9k=" />For Second Year, More Countries Declined Than Improved in WJP Rule of Law Index<br /><br />Steepest Decline Seen in "Constraints on Government Powers," Suggesting Rising Authoritarianism<br /><br />WASHINGTON, DC (28 February 2019) – The World Justice Project (WJP) today released the WJP Rule of Law Index® 2019, an evaluation of rule of law adherence worldwide based on more than 120,000 household and 3,800 expert surveys in 126 countries. Featuring current, original data, the WJP Rule of Law Index measures countries’ rule of law performance across eight factors: Constraints on Government Powers, Absence of Corruption, Open Government, Fundamental Rights, Order and Security, Regulatory Enforcement, Civil Justice, and Criminal Justice.<br /><br />The new WJP Rule of Law Index scores show that more countries declined than improved in overall rule of law performance for the second year in a row, continuing a negative slide toward weaker rule of law around the world.<br /><br />In a sign suggesting rising authoritarianism, the factor score for "Constraints on Government Powers" declined in more countries than any other factor worldwide over the last year (61 countries declined, 23 stayed the same, 29 improved). This factor measures the extent to which, in practice, those who govern are bound by governmental and non-governmental checks such as an independent judiciary, a free press, the ability of legislatures to apply oversight, and more. Over the past four years, Poland, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Serbia have lost the most ground in this dimension of the rule of law.  <br /><br />"This slide in rule of law in general and checks on government powers in particular is deeply concerning,” commented Elizabeth Andersen, executive director of the World Justice Project. "There is a crucial difference between "rule by law" and "rule of law." In too many countries, laws and legal institutions are being manipulated to undermine rather than uphold the rule of law, even as governments wrap their actions in "rule of law" rhetoric."<br /><br />The second largest decline over last year was seen in the area of "Criminal Justice," followed by "Open Government" and "Fundamental Rights." On a positive note, more countries improved in "Absence of Corruption" than declined for the second year in a row.<br /><br />The top three overall performers in the 2019 WJP Rule of Law Index were Denmark (1), Norway (2), and Finland (3); the bottom three were the Democratic Republic of the Congo (124), Cambodia (125), and Venezuela (126). <br /><br />Countries leading their regions in overall rule of law scores included: Nepal (South Asia), Georgia (Eastern Europe and Central Asia); Namibia (Sub-Saharan Africa); Uruguay (Latin America and the Caribbean); United Arab Emirates (Middle East and North Africa); New Zealand (East Asia and Pacific), and Denmark (Western Europe and North America, defined as EU + EFTA + North America).<br /><br />The WJP Rule of Law Index® is the world’s leading source for original data on the rule of law. The Index relies on more than 120,000 household and 3,800 expert surveys to measure how the rule of law is experienced and perceived in practical, everyday situations by the general public worldwide. Performance is measured using 44 indicators across eight primary rule of law factors, each of which is scored and ranked globally and against regional and income peers: Constraints on Government Powers, Absence of Corruption, Open Government, Fundamental Rights, Order and Security, Regulatory Enforcement, Civil Justice, and Criminal Justice. <br /><br />"Effective rule of law is the foundation for communities of justice, opportunity, and peace," said William H. Neukom, WJP founder and CEO. "No country has achieved a perfect realization of the rule of law. The WJP Rule of Law Index is intended to be a first step in setting benchmarks, informing reforms, stimulating programs, and deepening appreciation and understanding for the foundational importance of the rule of law."</div>

RULE OF LAW CONTINUES NEGATIVE SLIDE WORLDWIDE (WJP Rule of Law Index).

For Second Year, More Countries Declined Than Improved in WJP Rule of Law Index Steepest Decline Seen in "Constraints on Government Po...

HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH REPORT on Somaliland 2019.

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<br /><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYc9DaOJlLTXKNSRh5etTBPTDrxVwxShrrYblXy_R5TVHSyIuR2EMHPvW7vQVyt5ATYGTL2awlrMeglY4a-lmvnuLmvUAOTTJq7uNkbCHB7ySuuQGJXc3_7lC48WMW0FT-GYGGrM5y8a_z/s1600/202001wr_essay_robots_1.jpg" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" data-original-height="210" data-original-width="374" height="179" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhYc9DaOJlLTXKNSRh5etTBPTDrxVwxShrrYblXy_R5TVHSyIuR2EMHPvW7vQVyt5ATYGTL2awlrMeglY4a-lmvnuLmvUAOTTJq7uNkbCHB7ySuuQGJXc3_7lC48WMW0FT-GYGGrM5y8a_z/s320/202001wr_essay_robots_1.jpg" width="320" /></a>The Somaliland government severely restricted reporting and free expression on issues deemed controversial or overly critical of the authorities.<br /><br />There was a significant  number of arbitrary arrests of journalists and temporary closure of media outlets. On February 10, the regional court in Hargeisa suspended the Foore newspaper for one year and fined the editor, Abdirashid Abdiwahab Ibrahim, 3 million Somaliland shillings (US$300). The newspaper was accused of spreading misinformation after it reported on the building of a new presidential palace in Hargeisa. The ban on Foore was lifted in August.<br /><br />The government also arbitrarily arrested perceived government critics. On January 12, poet Abdirahman Ibrahim Adan (known as "Abdirahman Abees") was arbitrarily arrested and charged with “insulting the police” after he highlighted various due process abuses in Somaliland. He was acquitted and released on February 25.<br />Key International Actors<br /><br />International support and attention focused on building Somalia’s security sector, improving relations between federal and state authorities, and regional electoral processes. Attention to ensuring accountability for abuses remained minimal.<br /><br />Following the December 2018 police violence in Baidoa, key international partners—the European Union, the United Kingdom and Germany—temporarily suspended support to police in the South West State.<br /><br />After the Somali government expelled special representative of the secretary-general Haysom, the UN suspended its monthly reporting on human rights issues.<br /><br />The US military increasingly conducted airstrikes in Somalia and joint military operations against Al-Shabab. Media and NGOs documented several civilian casualties. In April, AFRICOM acknowledged two civilian casualties in an April 2018 strike, citing internal reporting errors.  <br /><br />In August, six UN Security Council member states blocked a bid by Kenya to impose additional counterterrorism sanctions on Al-Shabab that could have jeopardized the delivery of humanitarian aid. <br /><br />International donors supported the establishment of a new civilian court and prison complex in Mogadishu. At time of writing, the court’s mandate remained unclear, and no juvenile facilities set up. <br /><br />The competition between UAE and Qatar over political and economic dominance in Somalia continued to exacerbate intra-Somalia tensions, both between Mogadishu and federal states, and with Somaliland.  <br />
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HUMAN RIGHTS WATCH REPORT on Somaliland 2019.

The Somaliland government severely restricted reporting and free expression on issues deemed controversial or overly critical of the author...

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xaydhu waa qiso ku sahabsan boqortooyo la magac baxday boqortooyada xaydha
,waxa jira nooc qudhaan jada ka mida oo la yidhaahdo Aboor oo aad wax u qabsada
iskii iskuna filan oo guryaha uu dhisto cid walba ay ka faaidaysato oo ay ka
galaan roobabka,qoraxda iyo wixii kale ee dhibaayaba.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aboorku waxa
uu u nool yahay koox-koox ama si wada jira ayuu u nool yahay oo uu kaga
duwanyahay kagana magac wanaagsan yahay qudhaanjooyinka inta kale.Aboorku waxa
uu sidii ahaadaba waxa so food saartay duruufo qalafsan ka dib markii cimiladii
iyo degaankii u ku nolaa isbdalay,Tashi dheer ayay waxa go’amiyeen inay yesheen
boqor oo taladoodu meel kasoo wada baxdo si durufahan adag looga baxo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aboorka waxa
uugu darani waa ilayska qoraxda iyo inuu helo roob,waxa ay isla garteen in
boqorka ay doranyaan u ahaado Aboor keeni 
kara roob.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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aboorku iska dhex dooray, lakiin waxa uu keenay mushkilad kale oo ah inuu
yidhaahdo ha la ii dhiso qasri xaydha.talaa ku cadaatay aboorki oo markii u
isku noqday waxay isla garteen madaama u boqorku sidaa dalbaday inay u dhisaan
qasriga u doonaayo uugana dhisaan xaydha u doortay.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Qasrigii
boqorku markii u dhamaaday waxa uu boqorkii amray in la dhiso taanbuug wayn oo
qoraxda ka illaaliya qasriga ,madaama oo u xaydh ka samaysanyahay,waxa u
boqorkii mamnuucay ilayska qoraxda,aboorku wax qudha ee guryaha ku dhasan jiray
waxay ahayeen roobka iyo ilayska qoraxda oo u qalajin jiray dhismahiisa.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14pt;">Aboorkii
waxa uu mudo sidi ahaadaba oo duruufo kasii qalafsan tii hore ay uuga
cabanayeenba ku jiro ,afar ka mida aboorkii ayaa tashaday waxa ay isla garteen
inay boqortooyadan xaydha ahi keentay dhibtan si ay meesha uuga baxdana loo
baahan yahay in qoraxdii la helo.si hadaba qoraxdii lo helo waxay isla garteen
in taanbuuga la daldaloliyo si ilayska qoraxdu u soo galo. Taanbuugii dal
daloolo u sameeye,qoraxdiina so gashay boqorkiina meeshii ka bax.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Mudo markii
ay ka soo wareegtay Aboorkiina bilaa boqor noqday waxay is tuseen in aan laga
maarmayn boqortooyo taladooda iyo cududoodaba midaysa, hadana waxa u samaystay
boqor.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Boqorkii
markii ay doorteen  waxa u golahii la
shaqayn lahaa ka soo doortay Aboorkii si shaqo maalmeedkii boqortooyadu u
socoto sidoo kale ay adeeg fiican u helaan aboorku,mudo markii ay boqortooyadu
jirtayba waxa uu isna la soo baxay cadooyin aanay hore u arag,illaahay
cilmigiisa waxa boqorkii la jeclaysiiyey Jiirarka iyo dameeraha oo waxa la
arkay uun jiirar iyo dameero ku soo qulqulaaya qasrigii boqortooyada,cida
dameerkuna waxay noqotay cida aadka loogu jecelyahay ee had iyo jeer ka ladi
wayeen Aboorkii u dhawaa boqortooyadu.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Boqorkii
golahiisa marka uu la shiraayo waxa aad u dhibi jirtay in ay so hor fadhiistaan
Aboorku oo inta badan ah mid ka hadlaaya uun dundumooyinkiisi iyo Aboorkii kale
duruuftiisa.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Dundumooyinku waxa ay noqdeen aboorku waxa uu ugu hadal haynta
badan yahay,boqorku aadbuu u necebaystay oo dhagahiisa ayay ka guuxday
dundumada iyo hadal haynteedu.Marka ay dayn wayaan hadal haynteeda waxa uu ku
jawaabi jiray soynagii boqorada noqonay maxaa keenay inaad hadal haysaan uun
dundumadii iyo aboorkii aanu ka nimi iska nafisa oo ku raaxaysta heesaha
dameerka.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">boqorkii
waxa uu amray dhamaan Aboorkii golahiisa ka mid ahaa inay isku badalaan Jiirar
ama Dameero.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14pt;">Aboorkii intiisi
badnayd waxa ay isku badaleen jiirar iyo dameero,boqortooyadii o dhami waxay
isku badashay jiir wax cunaaya uun iyo dameer ciyaaya.</span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aboorkii
talaa ku ciirtay o waxa u arkay ina ay mushkilad cusub ay wajaheen oo aanay
hore uula kulmin.Aboorka noqon waaya jiir ama dameer waxa lagu celin jiray
aboorkiisii oo waxa uu boqorku ku odhan jiray adigu mar hadaad jiir noqon
wayday Abooradaadi iskaga noqo,markaas aboorada noqon waayay jiir ama dameer
waxa ay dib uugu so noqon jireen meelaha ay inta badan ku shiraan
aboorku,waxaanay noqon jireen Aboor ka tilmaaman aboorada kale oo aad taladooda
loo dhageysto madaama ay ku adkaysteen jinsiyadoodii aboor nimo.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><br /></span></div>
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<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Qoladii
jiirarka isku badashay kumay noqon jiriin aboorkii ay ka dal doorsadeen oo
xanuuno ayaa ku dhici jiray waxaanay ahayeen qaar takooran o aboorka intiisa
kale gees iskaga leexiyo iskana illaaliyo inay so dhex galaan.<o:p></o:p></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Aboorkii
boqortooyadii jiirarka wa ay ka takhalaseen waxaanay isla garteen aboorka danbe
ee ay boqorka ka dhigayaan inuu shuruudo yeesho………………………la soco<o:p></o:p></span></div>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">  <o:p></o:p></span></div>
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Boqortooyadii Xaydha

Boqortooyada xaydhu waa qiso ku sahabsan boqortooyo la magac baxday boqortooyada xaydha ,waxa jira nooc qudhaan jada ka mida oo la yi...

‘Nothing prepares you for becoming a parent. I just sobbed’Rageh Omar

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<span style="background-color: #b82266; color: white; font-family: "Guardian Egyptian Web", "Guardian Text Egyptian Web", Georgia, serif; font-size: 18px;">The TV journalist on a happy childhood in Mogadishu, his first taste of a British boarding school, and the first, unbelievable taste of fatherhood</span></div>
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<strong>Our family home in Mogadishu</strong> was in an area lined with trees, very green and the sun was always shining. I played on sandy beaches and in the warm, clear sea. I remember balmy summers – wet and humid – and the city had a beautiful whitewashed look because it was built under Italian colonial rule. During those endless summers, we would have lots of extended family gatherings – often relatives I had never seen, but had been told about, who would be returning home after working abroad.</div>
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<strong>My father, Abdullahi, became an accountant</strong> before setting up his businesses. He had a contract to represent Massey Ferguson tractors, introduced Coca-Cola to <a class="u-underline" data-component="auto-linked-tag" data-link-name="auto-linked-tag" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/somalia" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;">Somalia</a> and started the country’s first independent newspaper. He was building his businesses at a time of huge political change and remained hard-working and determined to provide for his family. He was also a fun father with his five children.</div>
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<a class="rich-link__link" href="https://www.blogger.com/null" style="background: transparent; cursor: pointer; touch-action: manipulation;">Rageh Omaar: 'Idealism has become a dirty word among many journalists'</a></h1>
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<strong>My mother, Sahra, is one of 12 children</strong> – all girls except for one boy. Her smile is as broad as the sun and she has a mischievous wit. She is loving and the centre of our family in the same way that she was a mother figure to her younger siblings – to this day, they look on her as a role model and matriarch. When she was over in London, she walked everywhere, which I find tedious and she still has a go at me for being a couch potato.</div>
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<strong>My parents grew up in a very different world from me.</strong> <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/somalia" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;" title="">Somalia</a> was then a nomadic country and the life they experienced was like something from the 19th century. They taught us the importance of education and traditional cultural family values and created a stable and happy home: we could feel proud about where we came from.</div>
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<strong>I arrived in London as a six-year-old </strong>in 1973 because of my father’s dream for his children to have a good education. The first thing I felt after leaving Heathrow was this blast of cold air. I thought, what’s going on? Then I saw the unusual colours from the street lighting and neon advertising hoardings. But my abiding memory is of my mother when she took me to my first day at boarding school – something she considered barbaric, but was what my father wanted. She thought when I was met by the housemaster, I would turn around and say: “Mummy, come and get me and take me home.” But I just turned around at the door after being welcomed, waved her away and said: “All right, Mum, off you go.” To this day, she’s never forgiven me for that.</div>
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When Mum took me to boarding school, I just waved her away, saying, ‘All right, Mum, off you go.’ She never forgave me</div>
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<strong>Even though my father started a newspaper,</strong> he tried to discourage me from becoming a <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2011/nov/06/rageh-omaar-interview-slavery-evil" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;" title="">journalist</a>; he thought it wasn’t a serious profession. He wanted me to study law and I was close to becoming a barrister. We struck a deal: I said I’ll try to become a <a class="u-underline" data-link-name="in body link" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2004/feb/28/broadcasting.politicsphilosophyandsociety" style="background: transparent; border-bottom: 0.0625rem solid rgb(220, 220, 220); color: #005689; cursor: pointer; text-decoration-line: none !important; touch-action: manipulation; transition: border-color 0.15s ease-out;" title="">journalist</a> and if it doesn’t work after a few years, I’ll go ahead with law. He lived to see that I made it and he was proud – and happy in the end. He said I had made the right choice.</div>
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<strong>Becoming a father myself for the first time was life-altering.</strong> Despite everything I had read and attending childbirth classes, nothing prepared me. Nina and I held Loula in our arms and it was so overwhelming and overpowering that I just sobbed. Having another life in your care was huge and that wonderful moment feels scarcely believable.</div>
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<strong>I see my children as independent young people.</strong> My parents taught me to be independent and to think independently. My father thought that independence gives you a sense of worth and strength. I see this in our children [Loula, 16, Sami, 15, and Zachary, 11]: they are able to stand on their own two feet. They can cook – something my father taught me –and are good, independent travellers, which they got from us because we travelled a lot while they were growing up.</div>
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<strong>My father died in 2009 aged 79.</strong> It is a huge blow when reality strikes, but he’d not been well for some time and I’d seen his health deteriorate. Hundreds of people came to his funeral. I dealt with his death by trying to talk about it with my family and we always mark his anniversary.</div>
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Source:Theguardian</div>
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‘Nothing prepares you for becoming a parent. I just sobbed’Rageh Omar

The TV journalist on a happy childhood in Mogadishu, his first taste of a British boarding school, and the first, unbelievable taste of ...

Tixda Miski ee Xasan Geney iyo Rashiid Gadhwayne

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Waxa aan u malaynayaa su’aasha muranka leh ee ugu horrayn, ku soo 
dhacaysa dersaha tixda Miski ee Xasan Cabdllaahi “Xasan Ganey”  waa 
qoddobka mudanka ah ee ay ku aroorayso. Xasan tixdan naftiisa ayuu kaga 
hadlayaa oo duunkiisa, damiirkiisa iyo dadnimadiisa ayuu ka warramaa. 
Haddana waayaha ku heeraara iyo awaalaha adduunka bulsho siyaasaddeed ee
 uu marna ku dhexnool yahay, marna qudh ahaantiisa debedda ka ah, ayuu 
hoos u muquurayaa oo uu ina muquurinayaa. Marka kale na, halganka uu 
naftiisa la galay, hubka uu ku dirirgalay iyo quwadda uu cuskaday iyo 
libinta uu haleelay, ayaa ah qoddob ay tixdu ka hadlayso. Halka, uu ugu 
dambayn sahankiisu tegay ee baaqiisu ka yeedhay na waa qoddob kale. 
Waxaa qoddob muuq dheer ah oo si gaar ah kuu dareenjiidanaya ammaanta 
nabi Maxamed(scws). Sidaa darteed, Miski waa tix wejiyo badan oo adduun 
ballaadhan hadba dhinac kaga imanaysa. Dhinacyadaas oo maskaxda 
akhristaha iyo dhegeystaha ku murmaya ayuu, isla markii, ku shubayaa 
qaabab farshaxannimo oo maansada Sooomaalida ku hor leh.<br />
Waxaa la igu yidhi waa tix nabi ammaan ah. Waxaad odhan kartaa waa 
run. Waa nabi ammaan, hase yeeshee ka badan. Waxa aad is odhan waa 
awaalewarran iyo hogatus suugaaneed, waa murti adduun iyo xaaladdii ku 
saabsan. Ayadu na waa run. Haddana waxaad tidhaa waa waano iyo wacdi 
diineed ka digaya maalinta Alle la hortaagan yahay, waana durraamsho 
Alle dembi dhaaf ka tuugaysa. Waa halka ay tixdu, aakhirka fadhiisanayso
 oo waa run. Summad ma ayey leedahay oo aynu siinnaa tixdan cajiibk ah? 
Intaba u daa. Haddana intaa uun ma aha. Dhismaha tixda, qaybaheeda kala 
toyashada ah iyo sida goonigoonida ah ee mid waliba ammaanta 
nabiga(scws) ugu gororaysa ayaa ugub ah oo aan tixdan looga horraynin. 
Waxaa raaca qaab hor leh oo fiiro gaar ah mudan. Aynu arrimsahaas u 
tallaaboqaadno oo marba heer wax yar isdul taagno.<br />
Ta u horraysa, Xasan bilowga, ma araranayo ee afaaf sugan buu tixda 
ka guda gelayaa. Malaha, rag iyo dumar ba, qof waayaha bulshadiisa jiray
 oo caroogga suugaanta u siday, ereyga samodoonna aan maalinna dhulka 
dhigin, asaga oo weli faro madow jooga, haddii uu dhega adayga 
bulshadiisa ka cawdo, ama ba intiisa sheegto, waa gartii oo layaab ma 
laha. Xasan waxa uu tixdiisa ku billaabay, wax badan oo uu bulshadiisa 
waano yidhi iyo halka uu maanta ka taagan yahay. Intaasi waa ka hordhac 
iyo arar ka duwan tii soojireenka ahayd; waayo, ugu horrayn tixdan, 
maansoyahanka Xasan Cabdillaahi, waa Xasan Ganeye, naftiisa ayuu inagu 
barayaa. Isahaantiisa ayuu meel sugan dhigayaa. Asagu dabcan, ma aha 
geed ka baxay ban aan geed kale ku oollin, noole kale na aanu joogin. 
Waagiisa iyo awaalaha ka jira, shar iyo khayr ba, inta ku hirdamaysa, 
wax badan buu hordhaca inagu tusayaa.<br />
<b><i>Bulshadaan muddo dheer u macallin ahaa</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maansheeyey sidii mahiigaan</i></b><br />
<b><i> Rag maali og baa markaa u cushoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Miciinkeeda maandhow way necebtoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Cashuurba mudduu u miisaayoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Waa kii maskaxdiisa maal siiyoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maahmaah ka sameeyey mahadho ahoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Cabdi baa ku matalay miroodka lo’dee</i></b><br />
<b><i> Hadduu maqalkii musbaar kaga jiro</i></b><br />
<b><i> Milgaha calankiyo midnimada ba</i></b><br />
<b><i> Haddaanay u muuqan maaree.</i></b><br />
<b><i> Qabyaalad masayrtay haw muhatee</i></b><br />
<b><i> Waa kaa muruqoodi maadh ka qadshoo…</i></b><br />
Hordhaca tixdu halkaas bay ka ambaxaysaa. Waa runtii oo waxba kuma uu
 masuugin; Wuxuu se ka cabanayaa oo ayadu na runtii ah, miciinkood-naca 
ay yahiin; waa dad ay isu beddelayaan kuwo nacabkood ahi oo masayrka 
qabyaaladeed ku kala maqan oo dal iyo midnimo qaran ba ku seeggan.<br />
Nolosha qofka aadanahu, teeda ifka iyo teeda aakhiro ba, waa 
doorashadiisa xorta ah. Qof ay hawada naftiisu qaadatay oo hungurigiisa 
raacay, oo caqligii iyo damiirkii Alle ammaaneeyey, dheg u dhigi waayey,
 ama ku caasi noqday, noloshii Alle la doonay buu xooray; dhimasho if 
iyo aakhiroba ah buu doortay. Ammaanadii xorriyada doorashada samaha na 
wuxuu ka doorbiday addoonsiga hawada nafta iyo shaydaanka adeegsada. 
Addoonimada sharfani waa ta Alle loo addoon yahay. Ayadaa na xor lagu 
yahay oo nolol ah. Qof aan nolosha aadanaha ku habboon noolayni ma 
noola; waa bakhti soconaya. Jiritaanka qofka, taas baa dhabaysa. Qof 
waliba na asaga ayaa taas iyo sida kale ba, naftiisa u doora.<br />
Tixdan Miski, Xasan Cabdillaahi “Xasan Ganey” in uu jiro oo uu nool 
yahay buu sheetay; xorriyaddii Alle ku mannaystay buu qaatay. Kuwo badan
 baa, ayaga oo ifka jooga, dhimasho doorta, Xasan in uu if iyo aakhiroba
 noolaado ayuu ku adkaystay. In badan tixdan macaankeedu halkaas buu ku 
jiraa. Bal day sida uu naftiisa u la hadlayo:<br />
<b><i>Mur iyo dacar mowjadaha lidiqa ah</i></b><br />
<b><i> Mabda’aa lagu jabay mashruuca xilka leh</i></b><br />
<b><i> Ruuxii ku milmaa xumaan martiyee</i></b><br />
<b><i> Ha moodin in uu macaash ku jiroo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Intoon dhiig ka miirto maatida</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maryahaan ku tukado marmarin maayee</i></b><br />
<b><i> Jidiinka madow nafyahay ha maqline ….</i></b><br />
Tuduc dheer oo labaatan meeris ka badan buu ku talaxtegayaa inta xumo
 uu qayrkii ku kaco ee dhimashada if iyo aakhiro laga dheefo. Jidka 
nolosha dhabta ah ee uu naftiisa u dooray buu farshaxnimo qarqoorayaa. 
Waa laba jid oo mid ba miishiisa wax geeyo. Mid sharqabahaa leh oo 
naarta ayuu wax geeyaa; ka kale waa jidkii Nabi Maxamed(csws) oo asaga 
ayaa lagu la rafiiqaa. Kan dambe ayuu Xasan doortay. Go’aanka xorriyadda
 iyo nolosha dhabta ah ayuu qaatay. Maalinta ay u daran tahay, in uu 
maciisa noqdo oo uu xawdkiisa ka cabbo ayuu ka doorbiday, la-moodda ifka
 lagu hayo. Asaga oo naftiisa la hadlaya waxa uu leeyahay:<br />
<b><i>Ifka ba maararrowgu waa maalmee</i></b><br />
<b><i> Marinka ha ka tegin la mahadinayoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Jannadaa malab iyo macaan badan lehe</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maalintay darantee miciinka dhabta ah</i></b><br />
<b><i> Mursalkii Alle doortay oo Maxamed ah</i></b><br />
<b><i> In aan madashaas maciisa noqodoon</i></b><br />
<b><i> Xawdkiisa maggaabso ka ma maarmarmee…</i>..</b><br />
Sibiq iyo si ma-garato ah ayey tixdu nabi ammaan ugu siibaynaysaa. 
Doorashada ereyada suugaaneed iyo suuradinta hummaagyada uu agaabaynayo,
 ayaa gaar u suntaya nabi ammaakan. Farshaxannimadii Xasan Ganey lagu 
ogaa, waxa ay soo ururinaysaa intii Soomaalidu bilic dabeecadeed iyo tu 
duunyo iyo uduggeed taaqaannay. Adiga oo isla baraad la’ ayaad ku 
hambaberaysaa ammaanta Nabi Maxamed(CSWS). Waxa uu ku soo hoorinayaa oo 
aad wax walba ku illaabaysaa:<br />
<b><i>Shan kastoy marsadaan malyuun cadarro ah</i></b><br />
<b><i> Intaasu madad iyo marqaan ma lahee</i></b><br />
<b><i> Waxaan marag iyo markhaati ka ahay</i></b><br />
<b><i> Macbuudkaa ka abuuray maawaradoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Udgoon aan maydhmin Maxamed baa helay.</i></b><br />
Si kale ayuu u geeddi gelinayaa tixda. Kartida halabuurka cabqariga 
ahi xeerar iyo xuduudo jiray bay marar badan jebisaa. Quwadda hibada 
ayaa hoggaamisa oo u tallaabisa hirar aan qofka ku talo-galkiisa ahayn. 
Ma filayo Xasan Cabdillaahi “Xasan ganey” in uu u hankaabsay oo ku 
fikiray dhisidda suuro suryaali ah oo suugaaneed. Bal ma filayo in uu 
xataa magaca surealism maqlay. Ayada oo sidaa ah, hadda na waxa uu 
ballaysimay oo aan looga horrayn, habdhismeed farshaxannimo suugaaneed, 
oo wejigaas leh ama salsallaawaya.<br />
Weligeed ba suugaanta Soomaalidu way taqaannay qofayn ama wax aan dad
 ahayn oo laga hadliyo. Oollinta lamataabtaanku na ka ma wada maqnayn. 
Maahmaahda tidhaa “Illayn” ama “illeen talo isu ma kaa sheegto” ayaa u 
tusaale ah oo taladii ayey ka dhigeen wax nool oo meeljoog leh oo 
hadlaya. Wax badan oo ah habardugaag hadlaya oo sida dadka u dhaqmaya, 
ayaa suugaanta Soomaalida ka buuxa. Xasan Ganey, sida ay ila tahay, tan 
horteed ba, dheeraad buu taas ku lahaa. Weliba asagu ka ma hadlin oo 
keli ah ee ma-noolaha wuu ba la hadlay. Tusaale ahaan, tixdiisa 
Dhegdheer(1982kii), geedka dhillowyanka oo ay suugaanta Soomaalidu, badi
 ba ugu sarbeebato deriskunoolnimo, toos buu u la hadayaa oo waxa uu ku 
odhnayaa:<br />
<b><i>Adigu na dhillowyahan</i></b><br />
<b><i> Dhirta aad ku marantahay</i></b><br />
<b><i> Dhaqan la ma wadaagtide</i></b><br />
<b><i> Haddaad xididdo dheertahay</i></b><br />
<b><i> Dhoobadaa Ilaahay</i></b><br />
<b><i> Rarka meel ad dhigatiyo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Dharroor maad ka daydayan?!</i></b><br />
Tusaale kale oo kooban na, tixdiisa Carceer, waxa uu la hadlayaa 
ma-noolaha ceeryaamada oo uu leeyahay waxa aad quudhsatay cadceed aad 
dhulka iskaga gudbtay, ka dibna aad wax isku moodday. Wuxuu yidhi:<br />
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<b><i>Qorraxda ceeryaamoyahay,</i></b><br />
<b><i> Canaanta u jeedisaa;</i></b><br />
<b><i> Cadceedda dulmaa qarshee,</i></b><br />
<b><i> Ciirow waa baa caddaan.</i></b><br />
Duurxulka afartan meeris, waxa uu dhacayaa cid uun been wax isku 
moodday; waa se meel aynaan hadda u dan lahayn oo intaas u dhaafi mayno.
 Ma se cusba oo Xasan iyo qarkiiba ka hadliye mayeedhaanka, noole iyo 
manoole ba; halkanse asagu waa uu la hadalay. Tixdan Miski waxa jira 
hirkicimo suugaaneed oo aan labadaas midna ahayn, Xasan na aan looga 
horrayn. Waxa uu goob iyo gelbis isugu keenay midabbo badan oo ah 
cadrado hablood, midkood waliba na ay meesheeda u goonid ah ku qurux 
leeedahay. Waxa uu ku gaafayaa daruuraha cirka iyo xiddigaha; waxa uu ka
 arbaynayaa dayaxa oo guurumeer ah. Hasaawaha iyo deexashada midda uu ka
 calmado, ayuu uga sii xiisayaa oo uu gaashaynayaa. Waa la hashiiyey oo 
aroos aan meher iyo macsi mid na lahayn, la na muraad seegin, baa u 
dhacaya oo waa lagu reeyey. Maxfalkeeda ayeynu daawanaynaa. Xiddigah 
ayaa ka milxiisaya oo arooska ka mashxaradaya; daruuraha ayaa gelbinayaa
 oo onkodka ayaa muusigga u tumaya. Waxa uu Xasan ina soo hordhigayaa oo
 aynu ku ashqaraaraynnaa gaafaan suuro gudban ah oo aynu ka daawanayno 
adduun ka koobma dabbaaldeg midabbo ah:<br />
<b><i>Dayaxooy soddon midab macsuumeen oo;</i></b><br />
<b><i> Daruuro malaasan meegaartoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Caddaan u muquurtay maariinoo,</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maydhaan ku sameeyey muuqiiyoo,</i></b><br />
<b><i> Miskeed yidhi sagal macaan badanoo,</i></b><br />
<b><i> Mareego ku yeeshay madaxii iyo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Miliilicay maydal qoor dheer oo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Cagaar magansaday mucda u galay oo,</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maamuusay madow qardhaaso leh oo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Ximir aan iska maydhin caad miray iyo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Mataano yihiin mascideed oo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maalay iyo xaydh mullaaxsaday oo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maslaxanaaya dhiin masayr galay oo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Mukhayntii ka yeeshay maasha Alloo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Cawlaan la madaystay xoosh makaloo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Muquunshay intaanu moos odhan oo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Mudkiyo isku loohay maydhaqa oo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Ka milicsaday meel agtiisa ah iyo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Sugul u majeertay mee yidhi oo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Casuus ka maqnayd u muhanaayoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Meehaahay intuu ku maaxdumayoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Jeegaan isku maray macawiso leh….</i></b><br />
Sida uu u wado, ayuu sowsaba iyo samada ina la korayaa. Mar qudha 
ayuu ina soo dejinayaa. Adduunkii quruxda, waxa uu haddda, ku soo 
hoorinayaa ammaanta nabi Maxamed(scws). Inta uu mar keli ah kaa 
dhexqaado gaafaantii ahayd quruxda midabbada, gelbiskii dayaxa, 
daruuraha iyo xiddigaha, ayuu ammaanta Nabiga (csws) ka kor kaga 
keenayaa.<br />
<b><i>Shantooy muunaddaas indhuhu mahadshaan</i></b><br />
<b><i> Intaasu madad iyo marqaan ma lahee</i></b><br />
<b><i> Waxaan marag iyo markhaati ka ahay</i></b><br />
<b><i> Mudanow nebigaa ka muuq dheer.</i></b><br />
Gaafada dabbaaldegga abuurta Alle; dayaxa guurdoonka ah, daruuraha 
iyo xiddigaha, onkodka iyo hillaaca iyo hablaha midabbada ahi, sidee ugu
 soo dhaceen maansoyahanka Xasan? Muran ma laha oo tan oo kale waa wax 
ka soo hinqada wacyiga duunka hoose ama shishe ee kartida halabuuraha 
cabqariga ah. Waa sawirro meel fog laga male-awaalo oo aan dad badan 
laga helin; halabuurrada fanku na aanay, awood ahaan, ka sinnayn. Waxa 
ay u badan tahay in aanu Xasan war ka haynin dugsiga fanka ee suryaaliga
 la yidhaahdo(Surealism). Ayada oo sidaas ah, haddana Xasan Cabdillaahi,
 kartida hummaagaynta cabqariga ah ayaa hoggaamisay oo ka keentay 
suuraymahaas maan-daalidka ah.<br />
Hadda na, mar kale, tixda Miski waa tan oo waa Nebi Ammaan. Tuducyaas
 dheer bay uga gudbaysaa habeenkii Nebi Maxamed(scws) loo dheelmay 
samada. Habeenkii Maqdis la geeyey iyo geenyadii qaadday; derajada 
sarraysa ee Alle u deeqay iyo risaaladda lagu sharfay.<br />
<b><i>Quraankoo mucjiso ayuu mulkiyoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maskaxdii dunidoo masuulka runta ah</i></b><br />
<b><i> U macallin ah meyti iyo xay</i></b><br />
<b><i> Mowlahaa kor u qaaday magaciisoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Waxaan marag iyo markhaati ka ahay</i></b><br />
<b><i> Makhluuqa in uu u mudanyahay….</i></b><br />
Xasan Cabdillaahi”Xasan Ganey”, maansada Miski waxa uu ku soo 
goynayaa duco qalbiga qofkii Alle yaqaan, ku dhegaysa; duco runtii mudan
 in korka laga qabto. Waxa uu ducadiisa ka ambaqaadayaa sifaynta 
maaalinta Qiyaamaha ee Alle hortii la taaganyahay. In badan baynu 
maqallay sifaalaheeda; se maansaynta Xasan baa soo dhaweynaysa oo ku 
dhex geynaysa maalintaas iyo xaaldda lagu suganyahay. Maxsharka la 
tubanyahay; muddugga qaawan ee la wada yahay; maalqabeen iyo mucsur, 
madax iyo minjo, milicda la wada tuban yahay, surmiga iyo gaajada laga 
simanyahay; maalinta ay xubnaha jidhku mudduci noqonayaan ee naf iyo wax
 ay mudan maaliggu uun ogyahay, maalintaas ayuu Xasan xusayaa oo Alle, 
sidan u baryayaa:<br />
<b><i>Macbuudka Alle an magansanayow</i></b><br />
<b><i> In kastoon Maka iyo Madiina ba tegey</i></b><br />
<b><i> Faralka ka maqnaan maskiiddada oo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Soonka na ku mitido markaan ladanahay</i></b><br />
<b><i> Sakada ku masuugin maal hayn</i></b><br />
<b><i> Ma moogi in aan madmadow badanoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Miciinkaagu waa mid mowjadahoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Addoon ku martiyey mindhaa ma qadee</i></b><br />
<b><i> Dembigaannu maleegnay naga maydhoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Dhammaan muslimiinta maamuusoo</i></b><br />
<b><i> Jannadaada macaan ha noo miyin.</i></b><br />
Tixdu guud ahaan, fartii Xasan Ganey bay leedahay. Ereyga iyo 
suuradaha hummaagga toolmoon iyo toyashada murtida mugga leh; 
shareereyaasha duurxulk fog leh iyo shubaalinta hadalka inta ba, dhiskii
 maansada Xasan Ganey ku goonida ahayd, bay txidani wadataa. Waxaa si 
gaar ah tixdan u sii astaynayaa oo ayadana maansada Xasan lagu yaqaan, 
sunsuminta sadarrada tixda ee uu, sida goonida ah ugu adeejiyo 
xidhiidhiyeyaasha hadalka , sida iyo, ee, oo. Xidhiidhiyeyaashanu 
tebinta macnaha sadarrada iyo tuducyada tixda ayey sululuxiyaan oo ay 
bilciyaan. Maansada Xasan Ganey baa, si gaar ah, ugu suntan taas oo lagu
 yaqaan.<br />
Ugu dambayn, waxaynu hore u nidhi tixdan Miski, ta uu Xasan 
qofnimadiisa u dooray buu ina soo hordhigayaa. Daw cusub buu maansadan 
mariyey, waa na jid uu maansoyahanka kasta oo kale na uu wax ku tusayo. 
Waxaa sweeye, soojireenkii maansada Soomaalida, gabaygu waxa uu ku caan 
ahaa arar iyo dhextaal uu maansoyahanku isku faaniyo, qaayaha tixdiisana
 ku buunbuuniyo. In kasta oo aan isla-weynida la ammaani jirin, hadda na
 dhaqan bay ahayd oo gabaygaaga lagu ma qoonsan jirin. Xasan Cabdillaahi
 “ Xasan Ganey” tixdiisan Miski, doorashadiisa nolosha, if iyo aakhiroba
 ah, ayuu jid hor leh u furayaa. Dawga dadnimada ku wacan buu qaaday. 
Sidaa darteed waxa uu ka xiidhiidh-goostay oo ku falaagoobay jidraacii 
naftii-hafarka ahaa ee lagu ogaa maansoyahanka Soomaalida. Alle iyo 
aadamiga ba wuu isu dhuldhigayaa oo kartiisa iyo murtidiisa ba wuu 
yaraysanayaa. Badweynta tixdiisan Miski oo aanan runtii, garanayn mid la
 agdhigo, waxa uu inooga dhigayaa bilaale. Waxa la yaab leh sida ay u 
kala fogyahiin tixdan iyo tilmaanta Xasan naftiisa ka bixinayaa. Murti 
la tirshaba qayrkii baa iska leh; asagu se tiisa waxa uu ku sheegayaa 
luggooyo. Tusaale ahaan, maahmaahahan soo socda oo aanan runtii 
garanaynin -qurux iyo murti- wax loo dhigo, ayuu ujeeddada quudhsiga 
naftiisa ugu soo araranyaa:<br />
<b><i>Masalo adag oo mihaajka ku taal;</i></b><br />
<b><i> Marsada cilmiga ah muftaa furfura.</i></b><br />
<b><i> Marwadii fiican baa majeero geyda.</i></b><br />
<b><i> Hashii mohollinaa martida deeqda.</i></b><br />
<b><i> Soorta na milixdaa macaanaysa.</i></b><br />
<b><i> Rag baa maaxda oo mataano roga.</i></b><br />
<b><i> Suugaanta mugga weyn in baa murtisee;</i></b><br />
<b><i> Anigu ma aqaan murtida la tirshee;</i></b><br />
<b><i> Shantayda midh waan mutuhinaayee;</i></b><br />
<b><i> Maansada aan luggooyo miimka ah.</i></b><br />
Isdiiddada murtida culus ee maansadan Miski iyo heerka isdhuldhigga 
curiyaha Xasan Ganey, ayaa maansada sii qurxinaya, asaga na kor u 
qaadaya oo haybad iyo sharaf huwinaya. Mar ba si buu ugu imanayaa 
saddexda sadar ama meeris ee dhextaalka ugu dambeeya. Mar walba na si 
gooni ah buu kuu ashaqaraar gelinayaa.<br />
If iyo aakhiro ba Xasan Xaaji Cabdillaahi” Xasan Ganey” nolosha 
dhabta buu doortay oo uu inoo doorayaa; waayoo qofkeen walba 
faldhaqankiisu waa baaq uu cid wal ugu yeedhayo oo farayo in uu yeelo 
sida uu yeelay. Tixdan ayada ah, Xasan waxa uu sheegtay xornimo; waayo, 
loo ma doorin ee asagaa ku go’aan qaatay xornimada aadami lagu yahay. 
Waa jidka Alle loogu addoon yahay ee qayrkii na lagaga xor yahay.<br />
<b>W.Q Rashiid Sheekh Cabdillaahi X . Axmed (Rashiid Gadhweyne)</b><br />
<b>Email: <a href="https://www.blogger.com/null">rshid.dalla@gmail.com</a></b></div>

Tixda Miski ee Xasan Geney iyo Rashiid Gadhwayne

Waxa aan u malaynayaa su’aasha muranka leh ee ugu horrayn, ku soo dhacaysa dersaha tixda Miski ee Xasan Cabdllaahi “Xasan Ganey” waa q...

QARAARKA MAXKAMADDA DASTUURIGA; MA WUXUU AHAA NINKII ROONI AQALKA HA U HADHO? by Garyaq, Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul.

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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Qaabka
 uu u dhignaa Go'aankii ugu dambeeyay Maxkamadda Dastuurga ahaa, wuxuu u
 muuqday mid ku salaysan hab-dacwadeedka, oo aan shaqo ku lahayn 
nuxurkii khilaaf ee u dhexeeyay dhinacyada (merit). Waxay maxkamadu 
hareer iskaga weecisay ka garnaqista dacwaddii uu Talyanleh uu kaga 
codsanayay in dib-u-eegis garsoor (judicial review) loogu sameeyo 
go'aankii Golaha ee lagu doortay Guddoomiyaha cusub ee Golaha 6-dii 
bishan, Iyadoo Maxkamadu tilmaantay in aanay arrinta loosoo gudbiyay 
ahayn mid dastuuriya, balse ay la xidhiidho xeer hoosaadka G/wakiilada. 
 Sidaasi darteedna ayna u gudogali dooddeeda. Waxaanay kusoo 
gabo-gabaysay in arrintaasi dib loo gula noqdo Golaha, iyadoo loo eegayo
 xeer-hoosaadka Goluhu sida uu dhigayo. </span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Maxkamaddu
 halkaasi kagamay hadhine, haddana waxaad arkaysaa iyadoo 
hab-dacwadeedkii ka gudubtay oo hoos ugu dhaadhacday nuxurkii khilaaf ee
 ay cabashadu ka taagnayd oo ahaa qaabkii uu, u dhacay fadhigii 
G/wakiiladu ee la isku qabtay natiijadii cod-bixintiisa.  Maxkamaddu 
waxay ku tillmaanatay fadhigaasi su'aashu ka taagnayd natiijadiisa, mid 
loo maray sidii xeer-hoosaadku dhigayay<b> (procedural rules</b>). 
Iyadoo waliba aamusnaantii xildhibaan Talyanleh saaxiibadiisa ka 
dhigatay inay caddayn u tahay inay wax waliba sidii loo baahnaa u 
socdeen, balse ay sheekadan danbe keeneen markii ay dhammaadeen ee la 
isla qaatay ciddii ku guulaysatay loollankii loogu jiray afhayeenka 
aqalka. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Miyaanay taasi ahayn dooddii laga  filayay dhinaca kale?</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> Maxkamaddu ma iyadaa la garnaqsatay Cabdiraxmaan Talyanleh? </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sidee ayay Maxkamadu u qaraarisay nuxur khilaaf oo aanay dhinacyadii isku hayay horteeda kaga doodin? </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Haddayna
 Dastuuri ahayn arrintani gabi ahaanba, oo aanay dacwaddani ka furmi 
karin Maxkamadda, maxay haddaas ku keentay inay wixii ka dhacay Golaha 
6-dii August, ku tilmaanto tallaabooyin </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">waafaqsanaa xeer-hoosaadka aqalka? </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Miyaanay ahayn inay ku ekaato Dastuuri ma ahadaas?</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Haddiiba
 ay ka hadashay dulucda arrinta (point of issue), may ahayn inay 
Maxkamadu ag mar-marto. Waxay ahayd inay si buuxda u go'aamiso wixii 
looga dheg-taagayay, oo ay si xeel-dheer u daristo waxa la isku </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">oo
 kusoo biyo shubanayaysa su'aasha ah "Go'aanka golaha ee lagu caddeeyay 
musharraxa ku guulaystay guddoomiyannimada goluhu, ma yahay mid sharciya
 oon mad-madaw ku jirin misa maaha? " Jawaabta su'aashaasi, waxay ahaan 
lahayd mid la xidhiidha arjigii dib-u-eegista go'aan ee maxkamadda 
loosoo gudbistay. Waxaana soo bixi lahaa go'aan dastuuriya maadaama oo 
waxa laga garnaqayaa uu yahay xil kamida xilalka dastuuriga ah sidii 
lagu buuxin lahaa. Go'aankaasina wuxuu noqon lahaa mid ku salaysan 
nuxurkii khilaafka (<b>Decision on merit</b>). kaasi oo noqon lahaa sidan qodob midkood uun; </span><br />
<br />
<ol>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> inay
 ayiddoo natiijadii shirgudoonkii ku meelgaadhka ahaa ku dhawaaqay oo ay
 Baashe u aqoonsato guddoomiyaha Aqalka, deeddafaysana doodii 
dacwoodaha. </span></li>
<li><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">inay
 laasho natiijadii cod-bixinta, haddii ay ku qanacdo inuu mad-madaw ku 
jiro natiijada, oo la horkeeno caddaymo lagu kalsoonaan karo, Kadibna ay
 amarto in mar kale lagu celiyo codbixinta sida uu dhigayo <a href="http://www.somalilandlaw.com/HoR_Rules_2006.pdf" target="_blank">xeer-hoosaadk<span id="goog_849381661"></span><span id="goog_849381662"></span>a</a> aqalku (iyadoo waliba qaabka ka hufan qaabkii hore loo codaynayo).</span></li>
</ol>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Haddii aynu ka eegno dhinac habraac eed mooddo inay Maxkamadu ka jawaabtay su'aasha ahayd '<b>Cabashada loosoo gudbiyay, ma tahay mid la dhageysan karo oo ku salaysan xaqiiqo iyo sharciba?'</b> Waxaanay Maxkamadu kaga jawaabtay "ma aha", iyadoo ku salaysay inayna doodda loo soo gudbiyay aanay waafaqsanayn Qodobka <b>98(1)</b>
 ee dastuurka. Maadaamo oo ay maxkamadani tahay, maxkamad fasiraadeed, 
waxa la gudboonnaa, inay asbaabteeda qaraar inoogu qeexdo, waxa ay tahay
 <b>'dacwad dastuuriya'</b> ama shuruudaha laga rabo dacwad dastuuriya ee aanay buuxin cabashadani. Taasi oo aanay Maxkamadu samaynin.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Waxaana
 Go'aankeedaasi,  kasoo bixi lahaa fasiraad sharciyeed  oo dacwadaha 
dambe lagaga qiyaas qaato. Sidoo kalana waxaynu fahmi lahayn, sababta ay
 dacwaddan Talyanle u noqn weyday  mid dastuuriya, ee ay Dastuuri u 
noqotay, dacwaddii Baashe Faarax, ee uu kasoo baxay go'aankii (</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">MS/GMS/G-7/282/2013) ee</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> ay Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ahi ku hakisay magacaabista guddi-hoosaadyadii Aqalka? </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Muxuu yahay Faraqa labada dacwadood u dhexeeya, waayo labaduba waxay xidhiidh la lahaayeen Xeer-hoosaadka G/Wakiilada? L</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">abaduba waxay khuseeyeen go'aanno uu lahaa Aqalku Wakiilladu ? </span></div>
<div>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
</div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Labadaasi arrimoo</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">dba
 waxay soo afjari lahaayeen khilafkii Golaha, waxay Maxkamadu noqon 
lahayd mid gudatay xilkeedii Dastuuriga ahaa oo aan ka baxsanin. Waayo 
Garsoorka waxaynu u samaysannay inuu noqdo bar-dhammaadka khilaafkasta 
oo lagala maarmi waayo xalk ka gaadhistiisa. Waana laga qurux badnaa 
inay Maxkamadu waji kale u yeesho khilaafkii soo gaadhay, iyadoo waliba 
aaminsan inuu khilaafkii wali taaganyahay marka ay soo jeedinayso inay 
mudanayaashu khilaafkooga ku dhammeystaan aqalkooda. Hadday ku 
dhammeysan karaan, maxaa keenay Maxkamadda? Haddayse ku dhammaysan kari 
waayaan, miyaannay ahayn kii roon Golaha ha usoo hadho marka ay labada 
qoloba, tiro ahaan isku dhigmaan, qolo walibana shirguddoon gaar ah 
wadato, oo aanu jirin mid la isla wada aqoonsanyahay, tiradooduna ayna 
waxba isdheerayn?</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Haddii aad eegto asbaabta ay maxkamaddu u cuskatay qaraarka ee ay ku sheegtay <b>"in aanay jirin cid durtay habkii loo raacay codaynta</b>",
 Waa dhab oo may jirin codaynta ka hor iyo marka codoyntu socotayba wax 
buuq ah amma duris oo ka dhex dhacday Fadhigii Golaha, Xildhibaannadu si
 deggan ayay u fadhiyeen, wax walibana waxa uu udhacay si qurux badan, 
tar-tamayaashuna raalibay ka ahaayeen qaabkii loo guddoominayay fadhiga.
 Waana halka aad mar is odhan karto Maxkamadu markay leedahay fadhigu 
wuxuu dhacay si waafaqsan nidaamkiisii caadiga ahaa, wey saxsantahay. 
Balse markaad dhuuxdo doodda dacwoodaha, waxaad arkaysaa inuu leeyahay 
ismalaha cod-tirintii iyo natiijadii lagu dhawaaqay. Taasi oo noqon 
lahayd  mid uu ku saxsanyahay amma uu ku qaldanyahay haddii la siin 
lahaa fursad lagula darso, oo lagula eego wuxuu cuskaynayo.  Halkan se 
waxay Maxkamadu kaga hadlaysaa uun xilliga ay tabashadani timid inay 
tahay xilli ay xeedho iyo fandhaal kala dhaceen, oo ay markii hore ahayd
 inuu dacwdooduhu duro natiijada, taasi ood u fahmi kartid in la lagu 
leeyahay 'waxaad ku deg-degtay hambalysada'. Dooddaasi maxkamadeedna waa
 mid uun ka hadlaysa waqtiga ay cabashadu timid, ee maaha mid ka 
hadlaysa waxay cabashadu ka timid. </span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Mana
 jiro qodob-sharci oo waqtiyaynaya saacadaha ay tahay in la duro amma 
laga cawdo go'aan sidan oo kale oo u dhacay.  Haddii aad wax qalad 
ismoodsiiso inuu saxyahay,<b>(Mistake of Fact</b>) hadhawto  xaq uma 
lihid inaad codsato dib-u-sixiddeeda? Sharciga wax loo samaysato in 
aanay cidina u qatalmin cid kale, oo si cad loogu maareeyo danaha iyo 
xidhiidhka dadka dhexmara. Ha noqdo xidhiidhkaasi mid bulsho, dhaqaale 
iyo siyaasadeedba. Sidaasi darteed ayaanay sax ahayn in lagu yidhaahdo 
"waa lagula gaadhaye iska qaado", balse wuxuu Sharcigu jidaynayaa in 
aanu qofna ku ladin wax uu si weecsan ku kasbaday <b>(negative gain</b>): ha noqoto adduun, kursi, magac iwm.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Arrinta kale ee xusidda mudani, balse aanan jeclayn inaan kusii dheeraado waa xeerka hoosaadka Golaha iyo Qodobadiisa</span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">,  (Xeer Lr 1/2006) </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> ay Maxkamadu u cuskatay maadaamo oo la baabiiyay, sida aan kasoo xigtay bart sharciyada ee la yidhaahdo <a href="http://www.somalilandlaw.com/standing_rules_of_parliament_.html#HRSRtitle" target="_blank">Somaliland law</a>, taasi  oo sheegtay inuu meesha ka saarayo xeer hoosaadka ka dambeeyay ee (Xr Lr 12/2014) oo ka kooban 73 Qodob. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Maxkamaddu
 waxay qaraarkeeda ku sheegtay in aanay dacwaddani ahayn mid dastuuriya,
 sidaa darteedana aanay ka garnaqisteedu u bannaanayn. Dooddaasi oo 
aanan anigu qabin inay sax tahay (haddii waxa la isku hayaa uu yahay 
go'aankii golaha ee lagu iclaamiyay Shirgudoonka Cusub ee Golaha 
Wakiilada). Go'aankaasi oo ay tahay in sharci ahaan la aaminsanaado <b>(Presumption to be valid)</b> illaa inta ay caddaymo liddi ku ah lagu burinayo ansaxnimadaasi.  Waxaanay dacwaddani dastuuri ku tahay sababahan;</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<ol>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Marka laga yimaaddo Qodob sharciyeed oo la isku hayo fasiraaddiisa, waxa sidoo kale noqon kara dacwad dastuuriya;</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Go'aan
 kasoo baxa gole dastuuriya oo la isku qabtay dastuurinnamadiisa, ama 
ansaxnimadiisa. Ku dhawaaqista Guddoomiyannimada Baashe Maxamed Faarax, 
waxay ahayd go'aan gole oo uu shirguddoonku ku dhawaaqey. Sidaa darteed 
dib-u-eegista Garsoor ee maxkamadda laga codsaday waa mid noqon karta 
Dastuuri amaba idaari. </span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Go'aanka
 Dib-u-eegista garsoor la marinayona waa inuu noqdaa mid ay kasoo 
cabatay cid/hay'ad uu go'aankaasi saameeyay awood ama xaq uu lahaa. 
Cabdiraxmaan Talyanle xaqbuu u lahaa <b>(locus standi</b>) inuu dib-u-eegistaasi dalbado maadamao oo go'aankaasi saameeyay xaq siyaasadeed oo uu lahaa.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Doorashada Shirguddoonka G/wakiiladu waa arrin dastuuriya (<b>Qod</b>; <b>44/3 Dastuurka</b>).
 Shirguddoonku waa ciddii ku hadlaysay awoodda Golaha ee meelwalba ku 
matalaysay magaca wakiilada. Waana arrin dastuuriya inuu Goluhu lahaado 
Shirguddoon uu isku raacsanyahay si uu, u ahaado Gole gudan kara 
waajibaadkiisa, Sidaa darteedna Xilka guddoomiyaha aqalku lama mid aha 
magacaabista Guddi-hoosaadyada aqalka, iwm.</span></li>
<li style="text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Cabashada
 Maxkamada loo soo gudbiyay maaha mooshin dib loo dhig-dhigi karo oo la 
mid ah arrimaha caadiga aha een xidhiidhka la lahayn mansabka 
shirguddoonka, amaba uu Guddoomiyuhu kala simanyahay xildhibaannada 
kale, Balse arrintani waa mid saamaynaysa dhismihii iyo wadajirkii 
golaha. Waayo waxa la isku hayaa, ciddii fadhiga soo socda guddoomin 
lahayd Golaha wakiilada. </span></li>
</ol>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Waxa
 sidoo kale jirta dood sharciyeed oo gabi ahaanba kasoo horjeedda doorka
 garnaqiseed ee Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ku leedahay arrimaha kuwan oo kale
 ah ee Gole Dastuuriya uu isku qabto. </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sharciyaqaannada
 aragtidaasi qaba ayaa ku doodaya inuu Golaha wakiiladu yahay aqal 
ismaamula oo ka madaxbaannaan Waaxda Garsoorka, arrimihiisana ay tahay 
inuu isagu dhammaysto isagoo u maraya xeer-hoosaadyadiisa. Waxayna 
qabaan in go'aan kasta oo garsoor oo la xidhiidha arimaha nidaam ee 
xeerdajinta, uu yahay farogalin Waaxeed.</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Kala-madax-bannaanaanta Saddexda Waaxood<b> (Separation of powers)</b>
 ee dawladdu maaha aragti koox gaar ahi wadato, balse waa mabda' 
dastuuriya. Waxa se jira, garyaqaano marka ay hadlayaan, kala 
madax-bannaanta awoodaha, indhaha ka lalinaya, mabda'a kale isna ku 
lammaan ee <b>'isxisaabinta waaxaha qaranka</b>' <b>(Check and Balance).</b>
 Waa run oo Maxkamada Dastuuriga ahi, ma farogalin karto arrimo waaxaha 
kale, haddii aanay iyagu buuqooga lasoo doonan. Marka se,  looga soo 
cawdo amaba ay iyagu soo kala cawdaan, waxa Maxkamadda ku waajiba inay 
ciddaas/hay'addaasi caddaaladda soo bidday u jawaabto.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span>
</span><br />
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"> <span style="font-weight: normal;">Khilaafkasta
 oo laba dhinac u dhexeeyaa, wuxuu ku dhammaan karaa, saddex qaab mid 
uun 1); iyadoo dhinacyada is-hayaa ay iskood uga heshiiyaan, 2) Iyadoo 
mid muquuniyo midka kale, oo dhinaca la muquuniyaa isdhiibista xal 
mooddo , 3) iyadoo dhinacyada is khilaafsani ay iskula tagaan dhinac 
saddexaad oo iyaga ka madax bannaan, kaasi oo laga filayo go'aan 
dhex-dhexaada. Markaas Garyaqaannada diiddan awoodda gar-qaadiseed ee 
Maxkamadu bal waa kaase ha sheegaan wajiga afraad ee uu ku dhamman karo 
khilaafka Aqalka Wakiilada ka aloosan iyo midkasta oo lamid ahiba, marka
 ay labada waji ee hore fashilmaan ee xal lagu gaadhi waayo?</span></span></span><br />
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<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Guntii
 iyo gobo-gabadii, khilaafyada dastuuriga ahi ama kuwa maamul (ee u 
dhexeeya dawlada iyo dawlada, ama dadka iyo dawladdu)  maaha wax la 
sharaysto, balse waxay tilmaamayaan koritaanka aragtida iyo Fahamka 
sharci ee bulshada. Waxaanay dhinac kale tusaale u yihiin, inaynu nahay 
bulsho siyaasadeed oo uu ku-dhaqanka sharcigu <b>(rule of law)</b> 
xaggooga ka jiro. Taasina suurto gali mayso, haddii aanu fikirka 
Maxkamadaheenu halkiisaasi ka korin, oo aanay ragga shaadirka madaw u 
qaatay ee miiska saarani, aanay ku dadaalin sidii ay u curin lahaayeen 
mabadi' sharci oo dhaafsiisan xalalka ku meelgaadhka ah ee galalka 
horyaalla. Waxaana yoolkaasi, ka midho dhalin kara, Garsoor dhiirran iyo
 sharciyqaano daah-furleh, oo si xeel dheer uga baaraandaga doodaha 
dastuuriga ah ee ka dhasha goldaloolooyinka sharciyeed ee jira. Markaas 
ayuu noqon karaa, dastuurka iyo nidaamka siyaasiga ahi mid kora, oo ina 
siiya faham ballaadhan oo ku saabsan xuquuqda iyo waajibaadka 
guud/gaarka ah ee nidaamka bulsho-siyaasadeed dimuqraadiya ku 
dhisanyahay. </span><br />
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;"><br /></span></span>
<span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Sidoo kale, waxa loo baahanyahay in la sameeyo, xeerkii Maxkamadda Dastuuriga ahaa (<b>Constitutional and Administrative Court Act</b>),
 kaasi oo nidaamiya, hab-dacwadeedka la xidhiidha arrimaha maamul iyo 
kuwa dastuuriga ah, si ay  ilaalinta xuquuqda dastuuriga ah ee 
muwaadinku u noqoto waajib-sharciyeed oo dhaqangala,  oo hayadihii u 
xilka saarnaa lagala xisaabtami karo. Haddii xeerkaasi sidaasi usii 
maqnaadana, xuquuqda iyo xorriyaadka muwaadinku waxay ahaan doonaan, 
siday imikaba yihiin: khad-madaw oo ku xardhan baal cad.<br /> </span><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif; font-weight: normal;"><br /></span><span style="font-weight: normal;"> </span><span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "georgia" , "times new roman" , serif;">Garyaqaan Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul (waddi 12@gmail.com)</span></span></div>
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Lifaaq:<br />
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QARAARKA MAXKAMADDA DASTUURIGA; MA WUXUU AHAA NINKII ROONI AQALKA HA U HADHO? by Garyaq, Maxamed Axmed Cabdi Bacaluul.

Qaabka uu u dhignaa Go'aankii ugu dambeeyay Maxkamadda Dastuurga ahaa, wuxuu u muuqday mid ku salaysan hab-dacwadeedka, oo aan shaq...

“Alle Doori Baan Ahay”!! Qore: Maxamed Baashi Xaaji Xasan

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Jikaar iyo muran caalwaa’ ayuun buu awel hore ba saaxiibkii ku yuubayey ee wuu dareensanaa  inuu ka soo baydhay jidkaas ay naftiisu ku naalloon jirtey. Jid uu isku daawan jirey oo sida muraayadda qofnimadiisa uu uga dhex halacsan jirey. Jid uu isku daawayn jirey oo aan u qodax badnayn sida kan qardabooyinka badan ee ay waayadan dambe kashiisu barriinsatay ee uu garasho diidayo.</div>
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<b>Dakharrada iyo nabarrada jidhkiisa ku dhacaya ee haddeerto qoomaya,</b> iyo haaraha quluubtiisa hoose damaqa ku haya ee xagxaganaya, ayaa dab naar ka kulul naftiisa ku shidaya. Waxa uu duunkiisa hoose kula faqayaa sida degdegga badan ee ahaanshihiisii dadnimo iyo isaga qofnimadiisii ay u kala suudaleen; u kala haydhafeen ee ay maanta isu la’ yihiin!! “Goormaad sidaas u duntay?” ayuu is weydiinayaa.</div>
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   Tirsigii waayahaa ka gedmadey. Waxa uu dhex taagan yahay oo kol ba mid maan dhuganayaa laba dhacdo oo ka mid ah sooyaalkiisa: 26-ka Juun iyo 18-ka May. Waxa uu ku mashquulayaa oo maskaxdiisu ku raagaysaa dib u hilaadin ku taxmaysa waayahaas ka soo jeeda 1960 iyo 1991, iyo wixii ka dambeeyey iyo waayihii labadaa ba ka horreeyey, waxaanu tagtooyinkaas u barkinayaa joogtadiisa. Dabadeedna waxa uu maggaabinayaa xaqiiqo mur iyo deebaaq ka qadhaadh oo hoosta uga xarriiqaysa timaaddadiisa ku soo foolka leh ee waayahan rimmani ummuli karaan. Ma niyadsama oo dareenka taban baa ku badan. Waxa uu maalin kasta u soo joogey, maanta na daawade waayo-arag ah ka yahay foolxumooyinka karkaarrada sii jabsanaya ee sida “daadkii Xaabaale” u butaac-haraaciyaya degaanka roobabka mahiigaanka ah ee da’aa biyahoodu aanay solin ee uu ku nool yahay.</div>
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   Waxa uu is waydiinayaa halka habaarku ka haleelay ee laga raacay. Waxa uu isu arkaa nin daad la soo tegey oo dul heehaabaya oo mawjad cirbaxaysaa sidato. Qun-u-jeed buu ula socdaa in mututuulkii uu dogobka moodayey noqday xumbo dagagaran oo aan cuskasho geli karin! Aragtidii gondihiisa ku sugnayd waxa ay ku noqotay “xabbad basal ah oo farihiisa ku burburaysa”! Sidii uu kol ba lakab u faydayey ayay farihiisa ku baaba’day! Wuu dareensan yahay inuu uga aayey oo ka dheefsaday dhib uun: “qudhmuun iyo xajiin”. Labada indhood baa hoor ka da’ayaa. Dadku na hinaasi bay moodayaan! Waa se nin kadeedan oo godkiisa biyo ugu galeen! Waxa cuyuban iyo la-ma-arag agtiisa tuuran ee baylah afka ku soo kala qaadday iyo inta neecaw dellegan ku soo neefaysa ee kol ba sankiisu qaadanayo, ayuu dhabannada iyo dhafoorrada is hayaa! Wuu se og yahay inuu isagu wax badan mas’uul ka yahay. </div>
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   Waa abaalkaaye cidna ba ha eersan buu naftiisa hoos ugu la xanshashaqayaa?! Cabsi badan buu se hadh iyo habeen la daandaamayaa oo dubaaqiisa ku oogan! Kul ka dhigan girgire dhuxul galool lagu cammiray baa naftiisa ku shidan! Xitaa famlaydhadu way u xidhan yihiin oo guriga ba meel irbadi mari kartaa uma furna. Dhinac wal ba wuu iska soo ooday. Halkii daloosha ba wuu gufeeyey. Cuqdad yuururta iyo maryo dhiig leh buu meel wal ba aqalka kaga juqaalay. Dhulkii na wuu ku soo koobmay. Wuu garwaaqsan yahay inuu isagu cidhiidhiga iyo diiqaddan is geliyey. Waa se goorma xilliguu talada hojinayaa. Waa goor ay “xeedho iyo fandhaal kala dhaceen”! Weli se dabaqabashaa u bannaan. Wax badan baa caynaanadu hagaajin kartaa. Hase yeeshee dhiillada ugu halista badan ee uu la dheeldheelliyayaa waa in aan cidi ba “tuskaas jira” ee isaga shidaya si weyn ugu la baraarugsanayn!  Dad badan oo ay sheeko wadaag yihiin oo uu arrinta la soo qaadqaaday, waxa uu ka helay dareen u dhigma halqabsiga “Iska hadlow Ina Igarre”!</div>
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   Waxa uu isku ciilkaambiyaa is-raacii lixdankii inuu ahaa hindise uu isagu lahaa. Marar kale na waxa uu haaraamaa gobannimadii 26-kii Juun 1960 lafteeda. Wuu gubasho ooyaa inta badan. Waxa uu naftiisa ku qabooji yidhaa oo isku qanciyaa in gaadhidda xornimadaasi khalad weyn xilligaas ahayd oo loo baahnaa in gumaysigii Ingiriis uu carrada ka sii calanwalleeyo. Waayo loo ma bislayn dawladnimo iyo abuurista qaran casri ah midkood na, ayuu ku ciil belbelaa, hadda na waxa uu is waydiiyaa “oo haddaa ma iminkaa loo bisil yahay”!! Sawtan jilib kastaa xerada yar waageertay. Sawtan kala higgoonaysa ee jees kastaa ba dhacanta dheeraystay. Maxay tartay waayo-aragnimo? Maxay waxbarasho iyo shahaadad sare macnaysay?! Maxaa casriga iyo ilbaxnimo oo dhan laga dheefay?: Qabyaalad indho la’ oo waalli ah! Muusannow! Tolla’ayeey! Libin laga dhex raadiyo gawrac iyo geeri!! Xumaan lagu daydayo wanaag!! Musuq iyo walaahow, iyo naxli iyo nifaaq, iyo inta laga diqoodo oo dhan!</div>
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Intuu dubur hawd ka xulo</div>
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Intuu bahalaha dugsado</div>
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Ayaa qofku doonayaa</div>
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Dugaaggu inaanu cunin!</div>
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Beydadkaas ka midka ah maansadii Hadraawi ee “Daba-huwan” ayaa maankiisu ku dul hakanayaa, waxaanu ugu sii gudbayaa oo maskaxdiisa ku soo dhacaysa “Tolow muu hadda ba ninkii caddaa (gumaysigii Ingiriis) iska soo laabto oo dib noo qabsado duulkayagan nolosha bacad-joojinta iyo cubbudhka ku haya ee malaakadeedaya, madaxbannaani na aan u qalmin ee aan iyagu tashan karin in loo taliyo mooyaane! Hadda na waxa uu himbiriirsanayaa in casrigaasi carceeray, tegey oo tubta ku dhacay oo gumaysi Ingiriis ba dabar go’ay. Meel kale ayay gocashadu ula gurguuranaysaa, waxa nu ku fekerayaa “malaha waxaa ba la qaadan lahaa in Xamar lagu noqdaa”! “Oo ri’yo hadday dib leeyihiin saw dabadooda ku ma aanay qarsadeen iyo ninka aad kab ka tolanayso kabihiisaa la eegaa” ayuu is la markii ba is tusayaa. Saw kuwan iyaba (Soomaaliya) is cunaya ee sac sac raaca loo diiday ee labaatanka calal (maro) kala sita, tiiyoo qolo kastaa hadda na lulayso calankii xiddigta cad ee shan geesta ah lahaa ee cirka u ekaa. “Maya; maya horaa godkaas la iiga qaniinay oo ku hiradkiisu ma aha doorashadayda koowaad” ayuu naftiisa u bandhigayaa! Hase yeeshee waxa uu aaminsan yahay oo hadda ku ba kalsoon yahay in sidan uu hadda xaalku yahay aanu sina ba ahayn: Nolol candadawlan oo la jaanjaamayo, marka tallaabo hore loo qaada na laba tallaabo dib loo noqonayo. Dad raad arooryo uun dib u raacaya iyo dar aan goshii hooyo ka ba korayn, yaanay ka ba korin oo ha iska joogaane hadda na dulmi iyo daandaansi ku darsaday oo wada xiqdi, xaasid iyo xasarad miidhan ah.</div>
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Isagu waxa uu garaadsaday tiiyo loogu yeedho “Reer Waqooyi”, dadka qaar na u yaqaanniin “Qaldaan”. Waxa uu soo gaadhey oo u soo joogey iyada oo Reer Waqooyinnimadu wax weyn suuqa ka goyso: la isku soo dhaweeyo, la isku sooro, lagu dareen iyo shucuur wadaago, wax la isugu qabto, lagu walaalaysan yahay oo la isku xigsado, lagu ahaansho qofoobo oo lagu ab iyo isir sheegto iwm. Waxaa nu ka sheeko qaatay oo geed- iyo goob-jooge ka dhaxlay in Reer Waqooyinnimadu sooyaal fog ahayd oo ku sinnayd gumaysiga hortii iyo intii uu soo galay iyo ka dib ba. Reer Waqooyigu waxa uu ahaa buu maqli jirey Huwan Marag ah oo bari iyo galbeed ba is o goo dan- iyo caaqiibo-wadaag ah. Soomaali oo dhan bay ka koobnaayeen.</div>
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    Min Lawyacaddo (Jabuuti duleedkeeda) ilaa Tukaraq (gooddiyada Garoowe), Jigjiga dusheeda ilaa iyo godannada Wardheer, xeebaha Saylac ilaa iyo Berbera, Maydh iyo Xiis, Waqadara ilaa iyo Laasqoray degmada is haysa miyi iyo magaalo ba, ayaa Reer Waqooyinnimadu hadhayn jirtey maalmihii ay noolayd. Waxa ay ahayd ahaansho dadnimo oo heerkii feker ee qabaliga ahaa ka kor maraysa oo heer gobol u tisqaadday: Dad leh degaan dhul oo ka dhexeeya, iyo hab feker, wada macaamil iyo adduun-arag aan is diiddooyin iyo qalo lahayn, is la markaa na aan ku salaysnayn isir dhalasho ama dhiig-ab-aroor ah oo hadda na af- iyo far-guri mideeya leh. Si kasta oo beeluhu qaab qabali ah feedh-dha isugu hayeen degaan ahaan, hadda na hannaanka feker ee casriga ahi waxa uu abuuray ahaanshahaas Reer Waqooyinnimo nuxur ahaan. Magaalo galeenkii ganacsiga, fanka iyo suugaanta, iyo jiilashii u horreeyey ee qalinka ku raad bartay ee macallimiinta, ardayda, shaqaalaha dawladda, iyo isirradii bilayska, ciidamada iwm. ayay aragtidaasi ka dhex tisqaadday.</div>
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    Hanaqaadka aragtidaas ayay Samaale iyo Samatar oo saaxiibtinnimo fog oo cayddinnimo lahaa na ku raad-dhaqaajiyeen, ku na indho-dillaacsadeen berisamaadkeedii. Waa maalmahaas wacnaa kuwa ay maanta tebayaan markii ay ku dhex asqoobeen ee ay iska dhex waayey siyaasadda qabyaaladeed ee faraha lagaga gubtay ee tolaysiga indhaha la’ ku salaysan ee xafiis dawladeed iyo geed bulsheed ba busaaradda iyo indho-beelka ku keentay.</div>
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Iliilaha Jabuutaan lahaa eedyar sii mariye</div>
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Addis Ababa gee baan lahaa adhaxda jiilaale</div>
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ENEFDII ha daaqdaan lahaa ayda doogga lehe</div>
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Imminka na ardaa gocondhalay awr la mirataaye!</div>
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Gabaygaas Qaasim (AHUN) buu Samaale soo gocday. Cabbaar buu feker la aamusnaa. Indhihiisa ayaa qolkii yaraa ee uu dhex galluubnaa ka dhex mudh baxaya oo cirka ku fogaanaya, maankiisu na waxa uu  ka gudbayaa garka webi Ganaane iyo gabbalaha dusheenna ah. Sara-joog uu muddo maahsanaa ayuu ku jirey. Isaga oo dhidid jidhkiisa kor iyo kal la foolqaadsan yahay, ayuu salka dhulka dhigayaa caw yar oo sariirtiisa ag  goglanayd. “Ma ihi Alle doori ee waxaan ahay Reer Waqooyi” ayuu mar qudha sidii cirsan-ka-yeedhka la sara kacay oo af labadii ku qayliyey, isaga oo aad mooddo qof dheelalaabo la kacay, dhinaca kale na u muuqda in culays saarnaa laga fudaydiyey. Saaxiibkii Samatar oo qolka la wadaagayey, sardho na ku jirey, ayaa qaylada saaxiibkii ku kacay oo su’aalay waxa Samaale ku dhacay?</div>
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    Samaale oo Samatar la hadlaya: “saaxiib intii aad hurdada ku qasaysay ba aniga “geelaygii baa cirkaas lagu maalayey! Aniga iyo naftaydaa loollan ka dhex aloosnaa. Waxa aan ka ledi waayey murankeennii maalmahan ba dhexdeenna ka oognaa iyo runta inagu wada mudduciga ah ee aynu iska dhegamarayno”. Samatar oo dhegaha saaxiibkii u raaricinaya oo warka ka guraya, ayaa odhanaya “oo Samaalow ma ku qanacday in sidan aynu nahay aanay si is bixin karta ahayn?!”</div>
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   Samaale oo neef kululi ka soo booddey: “runtii saaxiib Samatarow ‘geeridu mar bay nolosha dhaantaaye’ sidani si ba ma aha. Wallaahay bacad-joojintan iyo gacan-ku-rimintan candadawlan wax kastaa ba way dhaami karaan. Xitaa haddii gacantii gumaysiga dib loogu dhacayo ama Xamar ba la isu dhiibayo, sidii lixdankii, si indho la’aan ah”! Samatar oo ilko caddaynaya: “Alle saaxiib ‘shaw hooyaday iga ma ilbaxdo’.Waa hubsiino la’aantii. .. intiinnii yarayd dee! Waa degdeggii iyo fudaydkii berigii… waxan aad Samaalow haddeerto ku hindisoonaysaa…….. Qosol gariir gawsuhu muuqdaan!!”</div>
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<b>Sheeko dheer baa Samatar iyo Samaale</b> halkaas uga bilaabmaysa. Waxa ay hoos u faaqidayaan xaaladda lagu jiro gaar ahaan Somaliland iyo guud ahaan ba gobolka intiisa kale iyo saamaynta caalamka kale ku yeeshay ama hadda ba ku leeyahay iyo waxa ilmo-rogashooyin ka socda ama ifafaaleyaal ka soo naaso-cad ee qasabadda ku soo jira.</div>
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   Samatar iyo Samaale waxa ay wada oddorosayaan saadaasha gurracnaan karta ee waayuhu soo gelbinayaan haddii aan hadda laga tabaabulshaysan oo aan la keenin aragti iyo hal-abuur kale oo dhaama kan u muuqda faashilka iyo hungada qaawan ee “goraygu ka sii hadaafayo”: Qaran qabyaaladi tiir-dhexaad u tahay! Qaran reernimadu ka mudan tahay waddannimada! Qaran aanu dabar ba jirin; sharci iyo qaanuun la raaco oo dadka kala dabbaalaa ba ka dhaqan geli karin! Qof kastaa ba wuxuu doono samayn karo. Koox iyo kudlad kastaa ba sidii ay doonto u dhaqmi karto.  Caddaaladda iyo garsoorku yihiin isirro halqabsiyeed oo hoosta ka madhan! Dibida iyo waylaha dameeruhu dhali karaan iwm!!</div>
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   “Xaggee looga guuri karaa kayntaas dugaaggu jalabutaystay?” ayay is waydiinayaan. Hore ba loo yidhi “guushu ma dhimato, guuldarradu na ma dhammaato”!  “Qaran aanay dirsoocnimadu u doorranayn!” ayaa u muuqanaya. “Somaliland ba waa la qaramayn karaa saw ma aha? Dharkii qarannimadaa loo gelin karaa oo nuxur ahaan lagu arrad tiri karaa saw ma aha?” ayay isa su’aalayaan. “Magacyo la bixiyo, waxa ku gudo jiraa; nuxur ahaan; ka hagaagsan”! “Ma la baxnaa Jamhuuriyadda Soomaalida Reer Waqooyi”! Miyaynaan xididka geedka qarannimadaas lagu waraabin karin dheecaanka Reer Waqooyinnimadii inaga fool hallawday, markii ay dhalatay na inaga shaashowdey ee weli bukaan-socodka ah. Iyada (Reer Waqooyinnimadaas) miyaynaan dawo u raadin karin oo la dabiibi karin?</div>
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   Waxa ay labadu ba (Samaale iyo Samatar) isugu nacamlaynayaan oo gorodda u ruxayaan in Reer Waqooyinnimada boodhka laga tumi karo, oo dalluuntii dheerayd lagu daboolay laga soo saari karo. Soomaalinnimadii aynu dhididka iyo dheecaankeenna u hurray, waxa burburiyey dulmi iyo caddaalad darro, kelitalisnnimo iyo qabyaalad. Qaran loo sinnaan lahaa oo la wada lahaa oo la kala xigsado, la kala sheegto oo la isugu tar-sheegto, la isugu awood iyo muruq sheegto oo la isku maquuniyo, shaadhkiisa na la isku xasuuqo ayaa la wada eeday. Taasi  Soomaalinnimo oo keliya inaga ma ay dilin ee waxa kale oo ay inaga sumaysay Reer Waqooyinnimadeennii, markii aynu kala safannay ee dulmiga kala raacnay, markii aynu isu hiilin waynay ee aynu isku wiirsannay ee kala hadafnay iyo markii iyo markii….!</div>
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    Maxsuulkii ama natiijadii aynu ka hellay ee burburkii Soomaalinnimada inooga soo baxay na (Somaliland), waa innagaas iska wada dhex arki waynay ee sidii tulud geel ah sheegashadeeda kala dhowaysanayna ee aynu guuldarrooyinka iyo halista ka soo jiijii leh sidii fiinta ka sii qaylo-dhaaminayno. Waa run ay labadoodu ba is la garwaaqsadeen in wixii Soomaalinnimada burburiyey aan Reer Waqooyinnimada na lagu soo bakhti afuufi karin. Gunaanadkii, Samaale iyo Samatar, waxa ay guddoon gacanta is qaadayaan, xal na u arkayaan:</div>
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1.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>In la soo nooleeyo oo dib loo xaqiijiyo, wax kale horta ha joogto’e,  ahaanshihii Reer Waqooyinnimo, laga taariikheeyo oo dib loo daraaseeyo jiritaankeeda iyo isirrada naafeeyey iyo sida looga soo kaban karo iyo</div>
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2.<span class="Apple-tab-span" style="white-space: pre;"> </span>In la yagleelo Jamhuuriyadda Soomaalida Reer Waqooyi oo leh dabar (xeer) iyo hoggaan (maamul) sida muraayadda la isaga wada dhex arki karo, ayna ku dhex goglan tahay dermo lagu wada fadhiisan karo si loo gudboon yahay oo aanay cidi na ku shaashoobi karin.</div>
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    Taasi waa inoo ballan; ayay isku jalbeebiyeen oo yidhaahdeen; haddii aynu gooni isu taagayno sida Djabuuti iyo haddii aynu Soomaali is la doonanayno oo himiladii 1960-kii iyana soo noolaynayno oo Shantii Soomaaliyeed isu keenkooda, aynu mar kale, dawanka iyo durbaanka u tumi doonno, iyaga hoosta ka xarriiqaya in ay aragtidan la wadaagaan asxaabtooda kale, ka dib na dadka ka dhex bislayn doonaan: Sahanka iyo hiraalka aragtidoodu waa soo noolaynta nuxurkii “Reer Waqooyinnimo” iyo binaynta ehelnimadiisa xilligan cilladda iyo caabuqu dad ba wada diloodeen, lana wada bas-beelay ee la surbacaaday. Taas baa wax lagu wada noqon karaa, ayay bilkeedeen, haddii la is ururiyo oo xerada la yaraysto iyo haddii la is ballaadhiyo, haddii gaar wax loo yeelanayo iyo haddii cid kale (Xamar) wax la la wadaagayo labada jeer ba.</div>
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    Waxa aan is lahaa “ Alle doori seedi ba uma dhanaana ee dunida shaw dad baa weli ku noolaa; rag iyo haween ba ka kooban! Waxa aan anna ka mid noqonayaa inta aragtidaasi maankooda biyo dhigtay, u guuxdey ee Samaale iyo Samatar ku raacday ee soo dhowaynaysa. Waa inoo 26-ka Juun. Saw maalin aynu isku wada raaci karno oo inaga dhaxaysa ma aha?! Haa, waa maguurto aynu waadhka bukaan-socodka ku illownay, aan se tasoobi karin oo haddii aynu negaanno iyo haddii hayaanno ba ina la guurguuri doonta. Intaas uun baan hordhac ahaan hadda Samaale iyo Samatar u sii fari haadda.</div>
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Ninka diiddan taasow</div>
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Weligaa ba doondoon</div>
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Derejada carbuunta ah!</div>
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Qalinkii Maxamed Baashe X. Xasan</div>
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mohamedbashe@hotmail.com</div>
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“Alle Doori Baan Ahay”!! Qore: Maxamed Baashi Xaaji Xasan

Jikaar iyo muran caalwaa’ ayuun buu awel hore ba saaxiibkii ku yuubayey ee wuu dareensanaa inuu ka soo baydhay jidkaas ay naftiisu...